IEEE STD 242 2001

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IEEE Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems

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IEEE	2001	751

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5	Introduction Introduction Participants Participants
8	Contents Contents
12	IEEE Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems IEEE Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Chapter 1 First principles Chapter 1 First principles 1.1 Overview 1.1 Overview
14	1.2 Protection against abnormalities 1.2 Protection against abnormalities
15	1.3 Planning system protection 1.3 Planning system protection
16	1.4 Preliminary design 1.4 Preliminary design
18	1.5 Basic protective equipment 1.5 Basic protective equipment
19	1.6 Special protection 1.6 Special protection 1.7 Field follow-up 1.7 Field follow-up 1.8 References 1.8 References
22	Chapter 2 Short-circuit calculations Chapter 2 Short-circuit calculations 2.1 Introduction 2.1 Introduction
23	2.2 Types of short-circuit currents 2.2 Types of short-circuit currents
24	2.3 The nature of short-circuit currents 2.3 The nature of short-circuit currents
26	2.4 Protective device currents 2.4 Protective device currents
30	2.5 Per-unit calculations 2.5 Per-unit calculations 2.6 Short-circuit current calculation methods 2.6 Short-circuit current calculation methods
31	2.7 Symmetrical components 2.7 Symmetrical components
39	2.8 Network interconnections 2.8 Network interconnections
44	2.9 Calculation examples 2.9 Calculation examples
52	2.10 Specialized faults for protection studies 2.10 Specialized faults for protection studies
55	2.11 References 2.11 References
56	2.12 Bibliography 2.12 Bibliography
58	Chapter 3 Instrument transformers Chapter 3 Instrument transformers 3.1 Introduction 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Current transformers (CTs) 3.2 Current transformers (CTs)
73	3.3 Voltage (potential)transformers (VTs) 3.3 Voltage (potential)transformers (VTs)
76	3.4 References 3.4 References 3.5 Bibliography 3.5 Bibliography
78	Chapter 4 Selection and application of protective relays Chapter 4 Selection and application of protective relays 4.1 General discussion of a protective system 4.1 General discussion of a protective system
80	4.2 Zones of protection 4.2 Zones of protection
81	4.3 Fundamental operating principles 4.3 Fundamental operating principles
82	4.4 Functional description —application and principles 4.4 Functional description —application and principles
130	4.5 References 4.5 References 4.6 Bibliography 4.6 Bibliography
140	Chapter 5 Low-voltage fuses Chapter 5 Low-voltage fuses 5.1 General discussion 5.1 General discussion 5.2 Definitions 5.2 Definitions
144	5.3 Documentation 5.3 Documentation
149	5.4 Standard dimensions 5.4 Standard dimensions
157	5.5 Typical interrupting ratings 5.5 Typical interrupting ratings
158	5.6 Achieving selectivity with fuses 5.6 Achieving selectivity with fuses
162	5.7 Current-limiting characteristics 5.7 Current-limiting characteristics
166	5.8 Special applications for low-voltage fuses 5.8 Special applications for low-voltage fuses
177	5.9 References 5.9 References
179	5.10 Bibliography 5.10 Bibliography
180	Chapter 6 High-voltage fuses (1000 V through 169 kV) Chapter 6 High-voltage fuses (1000 V through 169 kV) 6.1 Definitions 6.1 Definitions
184	6.2 Fuse classification 6.2 Fuse classification
188	6.3 Current-limiting and expulsion power fuse designs 6.3 Current-limiting and expulsion power fuse designs
194	6.4 Application of high-voltage fuses 6.4 Application of high-voltage fuses
208	6.5 References 6.5 References
209	6.6 Bibliography 6.6 Bibliography
210	Chapter 7 Low-voltage circuit breakers Chapter 7 Low-voltage circuit breakers 7.1 General 7.1 General
211	7.2 Ratings 7.2 Ratings
213	7.3 Current limitation 7.3 Current limitation
214	7.4 Typical ratings 7.4 Typical ratings 7.5 Trip unit 7.5 Trip unit
227	7.6 Application 7.6 Application
237	7.7 Accessories 7.7 Accessories 7.8 Conclusions 7.8 Conclusions
238	7.9 References 7.9 References
239	7.10 Bibliography 7.10 Bibliography
242	Chapter 8 Ground-fault protection Chapter 8 Ground-fault protection 8.1 General discussion 8.1 General discussion
243	8.2 Types of systems relative to ground-fault protection 8.2 Types of systems relative to ground-fault protection
250	8.3 Nature,magnitudes,and damage of ground faults 8.3 Nature,magnitudes,and damage of ground faults
260	8.4 Frequently used ground-fault protective schemes 8.4 Frequently used ground-fault protective schemes
266	8.5 Typical applications 8.5 Typical applications
280	8.6 Special applications 8.6 Special applications
292	8.7 References 8.7 References 8.8 Bibliography 8.8 Bibliography
296	Chapter 9 Conductor protection Chapter 9 Conductor protection 9.1 General discussion 9.1 General discussion 9.2 Cable protection 9.2 Cable protection
298	9.3 Definitions 9.3 Definitions
299	9.4 Short-circuit current protection of cables 9.4 Short-circuit current protection of cables
318	9.5 Overload protection of cables 9.5 Overload protection of cables
332	9.6 Physical protection of cables 9.6 Physical protection of cables
335	9.7 Code requirements for cable protection 9.7 Code requirements for cable protection
336	9.8 Busway protection 9.8 Busway protection
347	9.9 References 9.9 References
348	9.10 Bibliography 9.10 Bibliography
350	Chapter 10 Motor protection Chapter 10 Motor protection 10.1 General discussion 10.1 General discussion 10.2 Factors to consider in protection of motors 10.2 Factors to consider in protection of motors
355	10.3 Types of protection 10.3 Types of protection
361	10.4 Low-voltage motor protection 10.4 Low-voltage motor protection
369	10.5 Medium-voltage motor protection 10.5 Medium-voltage motor protection
400	10.6 References 10.6 References
401	10.7 Bibliography 10.7 Bibliography
404	Chapter 11 Transformer protection Chapter 11 Transformer protection 11.1 General discussion 11.1 General discussion 11.2 Need for protection 11.2 Need for protection
405	11.3 Objectives in transformer protection 11.3 Objectives in transformer protection
406	11.4 Types of transformers 11.4 Types of transformers 11.5 Preservation systems 11.5 Preservation systems
409	11.6 Protective devices for liquid preservation systems 11.6 Protective devices for liquid preservation systems
419	11.7 Thermal detection of abnormalities 11.7 Thermal detection of abnormalities
426	11.8 Transformer primary protective device 11.8 Transformer primary protective device 11.9 Protecting the transformer from electrical disturbances 11.9 Protecting the transformer from electrical disturbances
447	11.10 Protection from the environment 11.10 Protection from the environment
448	11.11 Conclusion 11.11 Conclusion 11.12 References 11.12 References
452	Chapter 12 Generator pr tection Chapter 12 Generator pr tection 12.1 Introduction 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Classification of generator applications 12.2 Classification of generator applications
455	12.3 Short-circuit performance 12.3 Short-circuit performance
462	12.4 Generator grounding 12.4 Generator grounding
465	12.5 Protective devices 12.5 Protective devices
523	12.6 References 12.6 References 12.7 Bibliography 12.7 Bibliography
526	Chapter 13 Bus and switchgear protection Chapter 13 Bus and switchgear protection 13.1 General discussion 13.1 General discussion
527	13.2 Types of buses and arrangements 13.2 Types of buses and arrangements
529	13.3 Bus overcurrent protection 13.3 Bus overcurrent protection
530	13.4 Medium-and high-voltage bus differential protection 13.4 Medium-and high-voltage bus differential protection
536	13.5 Backup protection 13.5 Backup protection 13.6 Low-voltage bus conductor and switchgear protection 13.6 Low-voltage bus conductor and switchgear protection
537	13.7 Voltage surge protection 13.7 Voltage surge protection
539	13.8 Conclusion 13.8 Conclusion 13.9 References 13.9 References
540	13.10 Bibliography 13.10 Bibliography
542	Chapter 14 Service supply-line protection Chapter 14 Service supply-line protection 14.1 General discussion 14.1 General discussion
543	14.2 Service requirements 14.2 Service requirements
546	14.3 System disturbances 14.3 System disturbances
558	14.4 Supply-line protection 14.4 Supply-line protection
569	14.5 Examples of supply-system protective schemes 14.5 Examples of supply-system protective schemes
582	14.6 References 14.6 References
584	14.7 Bibliography 14.7 Bibliography
586	Chapter 15 Overcurrent coordination Chapter 15 Overcurrent coordination 15.1 General discussion 15.1 General discussion
587	15.2 General considerations 15.2 General considerations
591	15.3 Overcurrent protection guidelines 15.3 Overcurrent protection guidelines
601	15.4 TCC plots 15.4 TCC plots
607	15.5 CTIs 15.5 CTIs
615	15.6 Initial planning and data required for a coordination study 15.6 Initial planning and data required for a coordination study
618	15.7 Procedure 15.7 Procedure
637	15.8 Ground-fault coordination on low-voltage systems 15.8 Ground-fault coordination on low-voltage systems
638	15.9 Phase-fault coordination on substation 600 V or less 15.9 Phase-fault coordination on substation 600 V or less
647	15.10 References 15.10 References 15.11 Bibliography 15.11 Bibliography
650	Chapter 16 Maintenance,testing,and calibration Chapter 16 Maintenance,testing,and calibration 16.1 Overview 16.1 Overview
651	16.2 Definitions 16.2 Definitions
652	16.3 Safety of personnel 16.3 Safety of personnel
654	16.4 Safety provisions for maintenance operations 16.4 Safety provisions for maintenance operations
659	16.5 Frequency of maintenance operations 16.5 Frequency of maintenance operations
663	16.6 Maintenance of switchgear for voltages up to 1000 V ac and 1200 V dc 16.6 Maintenance of switchgear for voltages up to 1000 V ac and 1200 V dc
670	16.7 Maintenance of air-magnetic switchgear for voltages above 1000 V ac and 1200 V dc 16.7 Maintenance of air-magnetic switchgear for voltages above 1000 V ac and 1200 V dc
680	16.8 Maintenance of oil switchgear 16.8 Maintenance of oil switchgear
686	16.9 Maintenance of vacuum circuit breaker switchgear 16.9 Maintenance of vacuum circuit breaker switchgear
690	16.10 Maintenance of sulfur hexa •uoride (SF 6 )circuit breaker and load-interrupter switchgear 16.10 Maintenance of sulfur hexa •uoride (SF 6 )circuit breaker and load-interrupter switchgear
693	16.11 Diagnostic testing 16.11 Diagnostic testing
700	16.12 Maintenance of auxiliary items 16.12 Maintenance of auxiliary items
706	16.13 Maintenance of protective apparatus 16.13 Maintenance of protective apparatus
707	16.14 Maintenance and testing of insulation 16.14 Maintenance and testing of insulation
710	16.15 Maintenance of industrial molded-case circuit breakers (MCCBs) 16.15 Maintenance of industrial molded-case circuit breakers (MCCBs)
712	16.16 References 16.16 References
715	16.17 Bibliography 16.17 Bibliography
722	INDEX INDEX

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Standard Title	IEEE Recommended Practice for Protection and Coordination of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
Published Code	IEEE
Publication Date	2001
Pages Count	751

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