{"id":74229,"date":"2024-10-17T16:47:31","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T16:47:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/fema-p424-2004\/"},"modified":"2024-10-24T19:14:30","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T19:14:30","slug":"fema-p424-2004","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/fema\/fema-p424-2004\/","title":{"rendered":"FEMA P424 2004"},"content":{"rendered":"

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PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nFEMA P-424: Design Guide for Improving Safety in Earthquakes, Floods, and High Winds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nTitle Page <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nForeword and Acknowledgments
Background <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nScope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nOrganization and Content of the Manual <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nAcknowledgments
Principal Authors:
FEMA Contributors:
Reviewers and Contributors: <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nTable of Contents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\nFigures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\nTables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\nChapter 1: An Overview of the School Design and Construction Process
1.1 \tIntroduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\n1.2 \tSchool Construction: The National Picture
1.3 \tPast School Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
46<\/td>\n1.4 \tPresent School Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
47<\/td>\n1.5 \tFuture School Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
49<\/td>\n1.6 The Design and Construction Process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\n1.7 \tReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\nChapter 2: Performance-Based Design
2.1 \tBackground <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n2.2 \tPrescriptive vs. Performance-Based Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\n2.3 \tThe Performance-Based Design Process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n2.4 \tAcceptable Risk and
\n\tPerformance Levels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n2.5 \tConsiderations For Achieving Continuous
\n\tOperation Performance Level <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\n2.6 \tPerformance-Based Flood Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n2.7 \tPerformance-Based High-Wind Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\n2.8 \tPerformance-Based Seismic Design
Operational Building Performance Level (1-A) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\nImmediate Occupancy Building Performance Level (1-B) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\nLife Safety Building Performance Level (3-C)
Collapse Prevention Building Performance Level (5-E)
2.9 \tReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\nChapter 3: Multihazard Design
3.1 \tIntroduction
3.2 \tThe Hazards Compared <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n3.2.1\tLocation: Where do Hazards Occur? <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n3.2.2 \tWarning: How Much Warning is There? <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
73<\/td>\n3.2.3 \tFrequency: How Likely are They to Occur? <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
74<\/td>\n3.3 \tA Comparison of Potential Losses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n3.4 \tFire and Life Safety <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n3.5 \tMultihazard Design Interactions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
86<\/td>\n3.6 \tReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\nChapter 4: Making Schools Safe From Earthquakes
4.1 \tIntroduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
88<\/td>\n4.2 \tThe Nature and Probability of Earthquakes
4.2.1 \tEarthquakes and Other Geologic Hazards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\n4.2.2\tEarthquakes: A National Problem <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
94<\/td>\n4.2.3 \tCommon Measures of Earthquakes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\n4.2.4 \tDetermination of Local Earthquake Hazards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
99<\/td>\n4.3 \tVulnerability: What Earthquakes Can Do to
\n\tSchools
4.3.1 \tVulnerability of Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\n4.3.2 \tEarthquake Damage to Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
109<\/td>\n4.3.3 \tSignificant School Damage in U.S. Earthquakes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\n4.3.4 \tConsequences: Casualties, Financial Loss, and
\n\tOperational Disruption <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\n4.4 \tScope, Effectiveness, and Limitations of Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
115<\/td>\n4.4.1 \tThe Background of Seismic Provisions in Building Codes
4.4.2 \tSeismic Codes and Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\n4.4.3 \tThe Effectiveness of Seismic Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\n4.5 \tEvaluating Existing Schools for Seismic Risk \t\t\tand Specific Risk Reduction Methods
4.5.1 \tRapid Visual Screening <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\n4.5.2 \tSystems Checklist for School Seismic Safety Evaluation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\n4.5.3 \tSeismic Evaluation of Existing Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
124<\/td>\n4.6 \tEarthquake Risk Reduction Methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\n4.6.1 \tRisk Reduction for New Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\n4.6.2 \tRisk Reduction for Existing Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
141<\/td>\n4.7 \tThe School as a Post-Earthquake Shelter <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
142<\/td>\n4.8 \tReferences and Sources of Additional
\n\tInformation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
144<\/td>\n4.9 \tGlossary of Earthquake Terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
151<\/td>\nChapter 5: Making Schools Safe From Flooding
5.1 \tGeneral Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
152<\/td>\n5.1.1 \tThe Nature of Flooding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
154<\/td>\n5.1.2 \tProbability of Occurrence or Frequency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
158<\/td>\n5.1.3 \tFlood Characteristics and Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
160<\/td>\n5.1.3.1\tHydrostatic Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
161<\/td>\n5.1.3.2 \tHydrodynamic Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
163<\/td>\n5.1.3.3 \tDebris Impact Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
164<\/td>\n5.1.3.4 \tErosion and Local Scour <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
165<\/td>\n5.1.4 \tDesign Parameters
5.1.4.1\tFlood Depth <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
169<\/td>\n5.1.4.3 \tFlood Velocity\u2014Riverine
5.1.4.4 \tFlood Velocity\u2014Coastal <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
170<\/td>\n5.1.5 \tFlood Hazard Maps and Zones <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
171<\/td>\n5.1.5.1 \tNFIP Flood Maps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
172<\/td>\n5.1.5.2 \tNFIP Flood Zones <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
175<\/td>\n5.1.5.3 \tCoastal A Zones <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
176<\/td>\n5.1.6 \tFloodplain Management Requirements and Building
\n\tCodes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
177<\/td>\n5.1.6.1 \tOverview of the NFIP <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
178<\/td>\n5.1.6.2 \tSummary of the NFIP Minimum
\n\t\tRequirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
180<\/td>\n5.1.6.3\tExecutive Order 11988 and Critical Facilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
181<\/td>\n5.1.6.4 \tModel Building Codes and Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
183<\/td>\n5.2 \tSchools Exposed to Flooding
5.2.1 \tIdentifying Flood Hazards at School Sites <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
184<\/td>\n5.2.2 \tVulnerability: What Flooding Can Do to Existing Schools
5.2.2.1 \tSite Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
186<\/td>\n5.2.2.2 \tStructural Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
189<\/td>\n5.2.2.3 \tNonstructural Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
191<\/td>\n5.2.2.4 \tUtility System Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
194<\/td>\n5.2.2.5 \tContents Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
195<\/td>\n5.3 \tRequirements and Best Practices in Flood
\n\tHazard Areas
5.3.1 \tEvaluating Risk and Avoiding Flood Hazards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
196<\/td>\n5.3.2 \tBenefits and Costs: Determining Acceptable Risk <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
198<\/td>\n5.3.3 \tSite Modifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200<\/td>\n5.3.4 \tElevation Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
206<\/td>\n5.3.5 \tDry Floodproofing Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
209<\/td>\n5.3.6 \tFlood Damage-Resistant Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
211<\/td>\n5.3.7 \tAccess Roads
5.3.8 \tUtility Installations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
213<\/td>\n5.3.9 \tPotable Water and Wastewater Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
214<\/td>\n5.3.10 \tStorage Tank Installations
5.3.11 \tAccessory Structures
5.4 \tRisk Reduction for Existing Schools
5.4.1 \tIntroduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
215<\/td>\n5.4.2 \tSite Modifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
217<\/td>\n5.4.3 \tAdditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
218<\/td>\n5.4.4 \tRepairs, Renovations, and Upgrades <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
219<\/td>\n5.4.5 Retrofit Dry Floodproofing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
220<\/td>\n5.4.6 \tUtility Installations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
222<\/td>\n5.4.7 \tPotable Water and Wastewater Systems
5.4.8 \tOther Damage Reduction Measures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
223<\/td>\n5.4.9 \tDrainage Improvements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
224<\/td>\n5.4.10\tEmergency Measures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
225<\/td>\n5.5 \tSchools as Emergency Shelters and Safe
\n\tRooms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
227<\/td>\n5.6 \tChecklist for Vulnerability of Floodprone Sites
\n\tand Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
233<\/td>\n5.7 \tReferences and Sources of Additional
\n\tInformation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
236<\/td>\n5.8 \tGlossary of Flood Protection Terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
241<\/td>\nChapter 6: Making Schools Safe From High Winds
6.1 \tGeneral Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
243<\/td>\n6.1.1 \tNature of High Winds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
244<\/td>\n6.1.2 \tProbability of Occurrence <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
246<\/td>\n6.1.3 \tWind\/Building Interactions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
252<\/td>\n6.1.4 \tBuilding Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
253<\/td>\n6.1.4.1 \tScope of Building Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254<\/td>\n6.1.4.2 \tEffectiveness and Limitations of Building Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
257<\/td>\n6.2 \tSchools Exposed to High Winds
6.2.1 \tVulnerability: What High Winds Can Do to Schools
6.2.1.1 \tTypes of Building Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
261<\/td>\n6.2.1.2 \tRamification of Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
265<\/td>\n6.2.2 \tPriorities, Costs, And Benefits: New Schools
6.2.2.1 \tPriorities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
266<\/td>\n6.2.2.2 \tCost, Budgeting, and Benefits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
268<\/td>\n6.2.3 \tPriorities, Costs, and Benefits: Existing Schools
6.2.3.1 \tPriorities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
269<\/td>\n6.2.3.2 \tCost, Budgeting, and Benefits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
271<\/td>\n6.2.4 \tEvaluating Schools for Risk from High Winds
6.2.4.1 \tNew Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
272<\/td>\n6.2.4.2 \tExisting Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
273<\/td>\n6.2.4.3 \tPortable Classrooms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
274<\/td>\n6.3 \tRequirements and Best Practices in
\n\tHigh-Wind Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
275<\/td>\n6.3.1 \tGeneral School Design Considerations
6.3.1.1 Site <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
277<\/td>\n6.3.1.2\tSchool Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
282<\/td>\n6.3.1.3 \tConstruction Contract Administration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
283<\/td>\n6.3.1.4 \tPost-Occupancy Inspections, Periodic Maintenance, Repair,
\n\tand Replacement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
284<\/td>\n6.3.1.5 \tSite and General Design Considerations in Hurricane-Prone
\n\tRegions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
286<\/td>\n6.3.2 \tStructural Systems
6.3.2.1 Design Parameters for Structural Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
292<\/td>\n6.3.2.2\tDesign Parameters for Structural Systems in Hurricane-Prone \t\tRegions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
293<\/td>\n6.3.3 \tBuilding Envelope
6.3.3.1\tExterior Doors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
297<\/td>\n6.3.3.2 \tWindows and Skylights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
300<\/td>\n6.3.3.3 Windows and Skylights in Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
302<\/td>\n6.3.3.4 \tNon-Load-Bearing Walls, Wall Coverings, and Soffits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
313<\/td>\n6.3.3.5 \tNon-Load-Bearing Walls, Wall Coverings, and Soffits in
\n\tHurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
314<\/td>\n6.3.3.6 \tRoof Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
326<\/td>\n6.3.3.7 \tRoof Systems in Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
334<\/td>\n6.3.4 \tNonstructural Systems and Equipment
6.3.4.1 \tExterior-Mounted Mechanical Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
344<\/td>\n6.3.4.2 \tNonstructural Systems and Mechanical Equipment in
\n\tHurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
346<\/td>\n6.3.4.3\tExterior-Mounted Electrical and Communications Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
349<\/td>\n6.3.4.4\tLightning Protection Systems in Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
355<\/td>\n6.3.5\tMunicipal Utilities In Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
356<\/td>\n6.3.5.1\tElectrical Power <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
357<\/td>\n6.3.5.2\tWater Service <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
358<\/td>\n6.3.5.3\tSewer Service
6.3.6\tPost-Design Considerations in Hurricane-Prone Regions
6.3.6.1\tConstruction Contract Administration
6.3.6.2\tPeriodic Inspections, Maintenance, and Repair <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
359<\/td>\n6.4\tRemedial Work on Existing Facilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
361<\/td>\n6.4.1\tStructural Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
362<\/td>\n6.4.2\tBuilding Envelope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
363<\/td>\n6.4.2.1\tWindows and Skylights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
367<\/td>\n6.4.2.2\tNon-Load-Bearing Walls, Wall Coverings, and Soffits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
368<\/td>\n6.4.2.3\tRoof Coverings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
371<\/td>\n6.4.3\tExterior-Mounted Equipment
6.4.3.1\tHVAC Units, Condensers, Fans, Exhaust Stacks, and Ductwork <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
374<\/td>\n6.4.3.2\tAntenna (Communications Mast)
6.4.3.3\tLightning Protection Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
375<\/td>\n6.5 \tOccupant Protection Best Practices in
\n\tTornado- and Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
379<\/td>\n6.6 \tChecklist For Building Vulnerability of Schools \t\tExposed to High Winds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
383<\/td>\n6.7 \tReferences and Sources of Additional
\n\tInformation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
387<\/td>\n6.8\tGlossary of High Wind Protection Terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
391<\/td>\nAppendix A: Acronyms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

FEMA P-424 – Design Guide for Improving School Safety in Earthquakes, Floods and High Winds<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FEMA<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2004<\/td>\n396<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":74230,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[2743],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-74229","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-fema","8":"first","9":"instock","10":"sold-individually","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"purchasable","13":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/74229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/74230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=74229"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=74229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}