{"id":74229,"date":"2024-10-17T16:47:31","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T16:47:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/fema-p424-2004\/"},"modified":"2024-10-24T19:14:30","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T19:14:30","slug":"fema-p424-2004","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/fema\/fema-p424-2004\/","title":{"rendered":"FEMA P424 2004"},"content":{"rendered":"
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PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
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1<\/td>\n | FEMA P-424: Design Guide for Improving Safety in Earthquakes, Floods, and High Winds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
2<\/td>\n | Title Page <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
5<\/td>\n | Foreword and Acknowledgments Background <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
6<\/td>\n | Scope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
7<\/td>\n | Organization and Content of the Manual <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
8<\/td>\n | Acknowledgments Principal Authors: FEMA Contributors: Reviewers and Contributors: <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
11<\/td>\n | Table of Contents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
18<\/td>\n | Figures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
37<\/td>\n | Tables <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
39<\/td>\n | Chapter 1: An Overview of the School Design and Construction Process 1.1 \tIntroduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
40<\/td>\n | 1.2 \tSchool Construction: The National Picture 1.3 \tPast School Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
46<\/td>\n | 1.4 \tPresent School Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
47<\/td>\n | 1.5 \tFuture School Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
49<\/td>\n | 1.6 The Design and Construction Process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
52<\/td>\n | 1.7 \tReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
53<\/td>\n | Chapter 2: Performance-Based Design 2.1 \tBackground <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
55<\/td>\n | 2.2 \tPrescriptive vs. Performance-Based Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
56<\/td>\n | 2.3 \tThe Performance-Based Design Process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
57<\/td>\n | 2.4 \tAcceptable Risk and \n\tPerformance Levels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
60<\/td>\n | 2.5 \tConsiderations For Achieving Continuous \n\tOperation Performance Level <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
62<\/td>\n | 2.6 \tPerformance-Based Flood Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
63<\/td>\n | 2.7 \tPerformance-Based High-Wind Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
64<\/td>\n | 2.8 \tPerformance-Based Seismic Design Operational Building Performance Level (1-A) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
65<\/td>\n | Immediate Occupancy Building Performance Level (1-B) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
66<\/td>\n | Life Safety Building Performance Level (3-C) Collapse Prevention Building Performance Level (5-E) 2.9 \tReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
69<\/td>\n | Chapter 3: Multihazard Design 3.1 \tIntroduction 3.2 \tThe Hazards Compared <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
70<\/td>\n | 3.2.1\tLocation: Where do Hazards Occur? <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
72<\/td>\n | 3.2.2 \tWarning: How Much Warning is There? <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
73<\/td>\n | 3.2.3 \tFrequency: How Likely are They to Occur? <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
74<\/td>\n | 3.3 \tA Comparison of Potential Losses <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
78<\/td>\n | 3.4 \tFire and Life Safety <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
79<\/td>\n | 3.5 \tMultihazard Design Interactions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
86<\/td>\n | 3.6 \tReferences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
87<\/td>\n | Chapter 4: Making Schools Safe From Earthquakes 4.1 \tIntroduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
88<\/td>\n | 4.2 \tThe Nature and Probability of Earthquakes 4.2.1 \tEarthquakes and Other Geologic Hazards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
90<\/td>\n | 4.2.2\tEarthquakes: A National Problem <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
94<\/td>\n | 4.2.3 \tCommon Measures of Earthquakes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
97<\/td>\n | 4.2.4 \tDetermination of Local Earthquake Hazards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
99<\/td>\n | 4.3 \tVulnerability: What Earthquakes Can Do to \n\tSchools 4.3.1 \tVulnerability of Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
102<\/td>\n | 4.3.2 \tEarthquake Damage to Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
109<\/td>\n | 4.3.3 \tSignificant School Damage in U.S. Earthquakes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
113<\/td>\n | 4.3.4 \tConsequences: Casualties, Financial Loss, and \n\tOperational Disruption <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
114<\/td>\n | 4.4 \tScope, Effectiveness, and Limitations of Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
115<\/td>\n | 4.4.1 \tThe Background of Seismic Provisions in Building Codes 4.4.2 \tSeismic Codes and Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
116<\/td>\n | 4.4.3 \tThe Effectiveness of Seismic Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
117<\/td>\n | 4.5 \tEvaluating Existing Schools for Seismic Risk \t\t\tand Specific Risk Reduction Methods 4.5.1 \tRapid Visual Screening <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
118<\/td>\n | 4.5.2 \tSystems Checklist for School Seismic Safety Evaluation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
123<\/td>\n | 4.5.3 \tSeismic Evaluation of Existing Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
124<\/td>\n | 4.6 \tEarthquake Risk Reduction Methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
125<\/td>\n | 4.6.1 \tRisk Reduction for New Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
135<\/td>\n | 4.6.2 \tRisk Reduction for Existing Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
141<\/td>\n | 4.7 \tThe School as a Post-Earthquake Shelter <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
142<\/td>\n | 4.8 \tReferences and Sources of Additional \n\tInformation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
144<\/td>\n | 4.9 \tGlossary of Earthquake Terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
151<\/td>\n | Chapter 5: Making Schools Safe From Flooding 5.1 \tGeneral Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
152<\/td>\n | 5.1.1 \tThe Nature of Flooding <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
154<\/td>\n | 5.1.2 \tProbability of Occurrence or Frequency <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
158<\/td>\n | 5.1.3 \tFlood Characteristics and Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
160<\/td>\n | 5.1.3.1\tHydrostatic Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
161<\/td>\n | 5.1.3.2 \tHydrodynamic Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
163<\/td>\n | 5.1.3.3 \tDebris Impact Loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
164<\/td>\n | 5.1.3.4 \tErosion and Local Scour <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
165<\/td>\n | 5.1.4 \tDesign Parameters 5.1.4.1\tFlood Depth <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
169<\/td>\n | 5.1.4.3 \tFlood Velocity\u2014Riverine 5.1.4.4 \tFlood Velocity\u2014Coastal <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
170<\/td>\n | 5.1.5 \tFlood Hazard Maps and Zones <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
171<\/td>\n | 5.1.5.1 \tNFIP Flood Maps <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
172<\/td>\n | 5.1.5.2 \tNFIP Flood Zones <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
175<\/td>\n | 5.1.5.3 \tCoastal A Zones <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
176<\/td>\n | 5.1.6 \tFloodplain Management Requirements and Building \n\tCodes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
177<\/td>\n | 5.1.6.1 \tOverview of the NFIP <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
178<\/td>\n | 5.1.6.2 \tSummary of the NFIP Minimum \n\t\tRequirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
180<\/td>\n | 5.1.6.3\tExecutive Order 11988 and Critical Facilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
181<\/td>\n | 5.1.6.4 \tModel Building Codes and Standards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
183<\/td>\n | 5.2 \tSchools Exposed to Flooding 5.2.1 \tIdentifying Flood Hazards at School Sites <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
184<\/td>\n | 5.2.2 \tVulnerability: What Flooding Can Do to Existing Schools 5.2.2.1 \tSite Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
186<\/td>\n | 5.2.2.2 \tStructural Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
189<\/td>\n | 5.2.2.3 \tNonstructural Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
191<\/td>\n | 5.2.2.4 \tUtility System Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
194<\/td>\n | 5.2.2.5 \tContents Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
195<\/td>\n | 5.3 \tRequirements and Best Practices in Flood \n\tHazard Areas 5.3.1 \tEvaluating Risk and Avoiding Flood Hazards <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
196<\/td>\n | 5.3.2 \tBenefits and Costs: Determining Acceptable Risk <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
198<\/td>\n | 5.3.3 \tSite Modifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
200<\/td>\n | 5.3.4 \tElevation Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
206<\/td>\n | 5.3.5 \tDry Floodproofing Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
209<\/td>\n | 5.3.6 \tFlood Damage-Resistant Materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
211<\/td>\n | 5.3.7 \tAccess Roads 5.3.8 \tUtility Installations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
213<\/td>\n | 5.3.9 \tPotable Water and Wastewater Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
214<\/td>\n | 5.3.10 \tStorage Tank Installations 5.3.11 \tAccessory Structures 5.4 \tRisk Reduction for Existing Schools 5.4.1 \tIntroduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
215<\/td>\n | 5.4.2 \tSite Modifications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
217<\/td>\n | 5.4.3 \tAdditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
218<\/td>\n | 5.4.4 \tRepairs, Renovations, and Upgrades <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
219<\/td>\n | 5.4.5 Retrofit Dry Floodproofing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
220<\/td>\n | 5.4.6 \tUtility Installations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
222<\/td>\n | 5.4.7 \tPotable Water and Wastewater Systems 5.4.8 \tOther Damage Reduction Measures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
223<\/td>\n | 5.4.9 \tDrainage Improvements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
224<\/td>\n | 5.4.10\tEmergency Measures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
225<\/td>\n | 5.5 \tSchools as Emergency Shelters and Safe \n\tRooms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
227<\/td>\n | 5.6 \tChecklist for Vulnerability of Floodprone Sites \n\tand Schools <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
233<\/td>\n | 5.7 \tReferences and Sources of Additional \n\tInformation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
236<\/td>\n | 5.8 \tGlossary of Flood Protection Terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
241<\/td>\n | Chapter 6: Making Schools Safe From High Winds 6.1 \tGeneral Design Considerations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
243<\/td>\n | 6.1.1 \tNature of High Winds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
244<\/td>\n | 6.1.2 \tProbability of Occurrence <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
246<\/td>\n | 6.1.3 \tWind\/Building Interactions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
252<\/td>\n | 6.1.4 \tBuilding Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
253<\/td>\n | 6.1.4.1 \tScope of Building Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
254<\/td>\n | 6.1.4.2 \tEffectiveness and Limitations of Building Codes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
257<\/td>\n | 6.2 \tSchools Exposed to High Winds 6.2.1 \tVulnerability: What High Winds Can Do to Schools 6.2.1.1 \tTypes of Building Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
261<\/td>\n | 6.2.1.2 \tRamification of Damage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
265<\/td>\n | 6.2.2 \tPriorities, Costs, And Benefits: New Schools 6.2.2.1 \tPriorities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
266<\/td>\n | 6.2.2.2 \tCost, Budgeting, and Benefits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
268<\/td>\n | 6.2.3 \tPriorities, Costs, and Benefits: Existing Schools 6.2.3.1 \tPriorities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
269<\/td>\n | 6.2.3.2 \tCost, Budgeting, and Benefits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
271<\/td>\n | 6.2.4 \tEvaluating Schools for Risk from High Winds 6.2.4.1 \tNew Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
272<\/td>\n | 6.2.4.2 \tExisting Buildings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
273<\/td>\n | 6.2.4.3 \tPortable Classrooms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
274<\/td>\n | 6.3 \tRequirements and Best Practices in \n\tHigh-Wind Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
275<\/td>\n | 6.3.1 \tGeneral School Design Considerations 6.3.1.1 Site <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
277<\/td>\n | 6.3.1.2\tSchool Design <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
282<\/td>\n | 6.3.1.3 \tConstruction Contract Administration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
283<\/td>\n | 6.3.1.4 \tPost-Occupancy Inspections, Periodic Maintenance, Repair, \n\tand Replacement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
284<\/td>\n | 6.3.1.5 \tSite and General Design Considerations in Hurricane-Prone \n\tRegions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
286<\/td>\n | 6.3.2 \tStructural Systems 6.3.2.1 Design Parameters for Structural Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
292<\/td>\n | 6.3.2.2\tDesign Parameters for Structural Systems in Hurricane-Prone \t\tRegions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
293<\/td>\n | 6.3.3 \tBuilding Envelope 6.3.3.1\tExterior Doors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
297<\/td>\n | 6.3.3.2 \tWindows and Skylights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
300<\/td>\n | 6.3.3.3 Windows and Skylights in Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
302<\/td>\n | 6.3.3.4 \tNon-Load-Bearing Walls, Wall Coverings, and Soffits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
313<\/td>\n | 6.3.3.5 \tNon-Load-Bearing Walls, Wall Coverings, and Soffits in \n\tHurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
314<\/td>\n | 6.3.3.6 \tRoof Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
326<\/td>\n | 6.3.3.7 \tRoof Systems in Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
334<\/td>\n | 6.3.4 \tNonstructural Systems and Equipment 6.3.4.1 \tExterior-Mounted Mechanical Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
344<\/td>\n | 6.3.4.2 \tNonstructural Systems and Mechanical Equipment in \n\tHurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
346<\/td>\n | 6.3.4.3\tExterior-Mounted Electrical and Communications Equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
349<\/td>\n | 6.3.4.4\tLightning Protection Systems in Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
355<\/td>\n | 6.3.5\tMunicipal Utilities In Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
356<\/td>\n | 6.3.5.1\tElectrical Power <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
357<\/td>\n | 6.3.5.2\tWater Service <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
358<\/td>\n | 6.3.5.3\tSewer Service 6.3.6\tPost-Design Considerations in Hurricane-Prone Regions 6.3.6.1\tConstruction Contract Administration 6.3.6.2\tPeriodic Inspections, Maintenance, and Repair <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
359<\/td>\n | 6.4\tRemedial Work on Existing Facilities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
361<\/td>\n | 6.4.1\tStructural Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
362<\/td>\n | 6.4.2\tBuilding Envelope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
363<\/td>\n | 6.4.2.1\tWindows and Skylights <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
367<\/td>\n | 6.4.2.2\tNon-Load-Bearing Walls, Wall Coverings, and Soffits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
368<\/td>\n | 6.4.2.3\tRoof Coverings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
371<\/td>\n | 6.4.3\tExterior-Mounted Equipment 6.4.3.1\tHVAC Units, Condensers, Fans, Exhaust Stacks, and Ductwork <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
374<\/td>\n | 6.4.3.2\tAntenna (Communications Mast) 6.4.3.3\tLightning Protection Systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
375<\/td>\n | 6.5 \tOccupant Protection Best Practices in \n\tTornado- and Hurricane-Prone Regions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
379<\/td>\n | 6.6 \tChecklist For Building Vulnerability of Schools \t\tExposed to High Winds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
383<\/td>\n | 6.7 \tReferences and Sources of Additional \n\tInformation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
387<\/td>\n | 6.8\tGlossary of High Wind Protection Terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
391<\/td>\n | Appendix A: Acronyms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" FEMA P-424 – Design Guide for Improving School Safety in Earthquakes, Floods and High Winds<\/b><\/p>\n |