ASHRAE 145.2 11:2011 Edition

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ASHRAE-145.2-11

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASHRAE	2011	52

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4	FOREWORD
5	1. PURPOSE 2. SCOPE 2.1 This standard prescribes a full-scale laboratory test method for measuring the performance of in-duct sorptive media gas-phase air-cleaning devices. In this context, sorptive media are defined as the active agent of the air cleaner, whether granu… 2.2 The method of testing measures the performance of air- cleaning devices for removing one or more specified gaseous contaminants or gas mixtures intended to simulate operation during service life. This standard defines procedures for the dispersio… 2.3 This standard establishes performance specifications for the equipment required to conduct the tests, defines methods of calculating and reporting results obtained from the test data, and establishes a results reporting system that can be applied… 2.4 The test method defined by this standard is applied to a sample device that is assumed to be representative of other devices marketed with the same brand and model number. 2.5 This standard does not apply to stand-alone room air cleaners. 3. DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS 3.1 Definitions
7	3.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations 4. TEST APPARATUS 4.1 Performance Objectives of the Test Apparatus. The test apparatus described below has broad capability and could be utilized for a wide range of research, developmental, and standard tests. It could be slightly modified and used in many additional… 4.2 Mandatory and Discretionary Requirements. The duct dimensions and design provided below largely follow ASHRAE Standard 52.2,4 which are capable of providing adequate contaminant mixing and flow development. The mandatory requirements for the duct… 4.3 Test Duct.
9	4.4 Duct Flow Measurement. The duct air flow measurement shall be made by means of an appropriately-sized ASME long-radius flow nozzle (see Figure 9-1 of Standard 52.2) with static taps (see ASHRAE 52.2 Figure 4-2b) located downstream of the downstre… 4.5 Gaseous Contaminant Generation
10	4.6 Gas Sampling 4.7 Gas Analyzer(s). The gas analyzer(s) (or analysis method) that is selected is required to be appropriate for the test contaminants. The analyzers shall have detection limits that are less than the minimum concentration needed to be measured and n…
11	4.8 Full-Scale Apparatus Leak Potential. The large-scale apparatus used for air cleaner challenge testing with toxic gases shall have minimal leakage rates that do not produce excessive work area exposure levels for the operators. The 1% leakage rate… 5. APPARATUS QUALIFICATION TESTING 5.1 Apparatus qualification tests shall verify quantitatively that the test rig and sampling procedures are capable of providing reliable contaminant concentration and air cleaner efficiency measurements. Qualification tests shall be performed as req…
12	5.2 Test Duct Velocity Uniformity. 5.3 Test Section Duct Leakage Test. Air leakage from the test duct shall not exceed 1% of the total airflow rate through the test duct. However, safe operation of the test duct may require a substantially lower leakage rate, depending on the contamin…
13	5.4 Full Test Duct Leakage Evaluation and Workspace Contaminant Measurement. This test evaluates the leakage into the workspace from the entire test duct operating at 3400 cmh (2000 cfm) in the once-through operating mode. A non- toxic tracer gas sha…
14	5.5 Contaminant Dispersal in the Test Duct.
15	5.6 Downstream Mixing of Contaminant. 5.7 Gas Contaminant Generation System Airflow Rate. The test duct as specified in this method was developed with a gas contaminant injection system airflow rate of 1% or less than the total test airflow. This gas contaminant generator flow rate limit…
16	5.8 Gas Sampling & Analyzer Operation. 5.9 Contaminant Generator and Duct Response Time. This section was developed with the assumption that the contaminant generation system for the initial efficiency (low concentration) test was fully operational and nearly stable at the time contaminan…
17	5.10 100% Efficiency Filter Test and Purge Time Determination. An initial efficiency test shall be performed using a complete air cleaner as the test device to demonstrate that the test duct and sampling system are capable of providing a >99% efficie… 5.11 No Filter Test and Overall System Check. An upstream-downstream comparison test is performed without a test device in place to check the adequacy of the overall duct, sampling, measurement, and contaminant generator. The test shall be performed … 5.12 Gas Analyzer(s) and Sampling System Zero. With the contaminant generation system turned off or disconnected (and venting someplace safely), the concentrations in the test rig should be determined with all equipment to be used for both portions o… 5.13 Test Duct Air Temperature Measurement and Control. The test air temperature in the duct, depending on the control system design, will often have a periodic nature resulting from the nature of the temperature control system. That is, the temperat… 5.14 Test Duct Air RH Measurement and Control. The test air RH in the duct, depending on the control system design, will often have a periodic nature resulting from the nature of the temperature and RH control systems. That is, the humidity varies ab… 5.15 Downstream Challenge Scrubbers.
18	5.16 Pressure Drop Across Empty Duct Section. The pressure drop across the empty test section shall be measured as part of each No Filter test performed in accordance with Table 5.1.2. The measured pressure drop across the empty test section shall be… 5.17 Qualification Maintenance. Duct and instrumentation qualification maintenance items are provided in Table 5.1.2. 6. TEST CONDITIONS AND MATERIALS 6.1 Standard Test Conditions, Test End Point, and Challenge Chemicals.
19	6.2 Nonstandard Test Conditions, Test End Point, and Challenge Chemicals. 7. PREPARATION OF THE TEST DEVICE 8. TEST PROCEDURES 8.1 Test Conditions. The test conditions shall be as follows: 8.2 Test Sequence. For a complete test of the air cleaner, the sequence of steps shall be as follows: 9. MEASUREMENT OF RESISTANCE vs. AIRfLOW 9.1 Install the test air cleaner; this may be done as part of the equilibration period.
21	10. DETERMINATION OF PERFORMANCE 10.1 Air Cleaner Test Overview. Prior to the start of testing, if the challenge gas and concentration are high enough to exceed permissible exposure limits or a lab’s safety protocol, the full system shall be characterized for leakage as required b…
22	10.2 Air Cleaner Test Procedure. This test procedure assumes that, prior to beginning this procedure, the test operator has tested and validated the contaminant generation system and the duct flow system. The test shall be conducted as follows: 10.3 Concentration Plot. The upstream and downstream concentration data for the standard capacity test against elapsed time shall be plotted on the same graph as shown in Figure 10-1. A similar graph may be prepared for the initial efficiency test if… 10.4 Initial Efficiency Test Penetration, P0 (%). Compute the penetration for the low concentration, initial efficiency test using Equation 10-1.
29	13. REFERENCES NORMATIVE ANNEX A LARGE-SCALE TEST DUCT: LEAK CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROL A1. SUMMARY A2. BACKGROUND A2.1 Overview. This test method in this standard is specifically written to allow the modification of ASHRAE 52.2 test ducts for gaseous air-cleaning device testing. ASHRAE Standard 52.2 test ducts are typically operated at above atmospheric pressure… A2.2 Example of Leakage From an ASHRAE Standard 52.2 Duct. A 17 cmh (10 cfm leak, 1% of 1000 cfm) of test duct challenge air containing 100 ppm of SO2 would require substantial dilution to reach the long term PEL. The impact of that leakage on worker… A3. Leak Evaluation and Control Guidance. A3.1 General Approach to Leak Evaluation and Control. The general approach recommended is:
30	A3.2 Example Dilution Factor Determination. A large- scale test duct operating at 25°C (77°F), 50% RH, and at 1700 cmh (1000 cfm) was operated for 30 min to ensure it was at a stable operation condition. A combination of a HEPA filter and a perfora… A3.3 Daily Test Duct Leak Check. The frequency with which the routine duct leak check must be conducted will depend on the test duct design and the operating procedure. The recommended approach is to begin testing on a daily basis and to adjust the l…
31	A3.4 Checklists. Due to the critical importance of conducting a valid leak characterization prior to conducting an actual challenge test, checklists are needed to assure that key steps are taken prior to and during the leak characterization. If the l… A3.5 Data Sheets. The data sheet to record the large-scale rig operating conditions during the test, the in-duct helium concentrations, and the resultant work area (room) concentrations is shown in Tables A.3.5.1 and A.3.5.2. At the conclusion of the… A3.6 Leak Characterization Computations. Using the data from Tables A.3.5.1 and A.3.5.2, complete the computations as shown in Table A.3.6.1.
34	A3.7 Room Ventilation (Air Exchange Rate, AER) Characterization. The exponential reduction in work area (room) helium concentrations observed and recorded in Table A.3.5.3 when the helium duct injections are terminated, can be used to estimate the wo… A3.8 Duct Mixing. To assure a well mixed concentration, the helium was injected just ahead of the upstream mixing disc at the standard injection location for ASHRAE Standard 52.2, and measured at a downstream location (relative to the test cartridge … A3.9 Duct Operating Conditions. All access doors and test ports not required for gas phase testing are to be checked and closed if opened during previous (e.g., ASHRAE Standard 52.2) testing. This included capping isokinetic sampling nozzles to preve… A3.10 Pressure Drop Development. The desired elevated pressure drop in the test section of 3 inches water gauge (iwg) was arbitrarily selected to be representative of an upper-end pressure for these tests. To limit the potential for excessive leakage…
35	A3.11 Estimation of Air Exchange Rate. The ventilation rate in the high bay facility housing the large-scale test rig was assessed from the rate that the room helium concentrations decreased when the duct injections were terminated. The data in Figur… INFORMATIVE ANNEX B COMMENTARY ON THE ASHRAE STANDARD 145.2 TEST METHOD
39	INFORMATIVE ANNEX C GAS-PHASE AIR-CLEANER PERFORMANCE THEORY C1. AIR CLEANER TEST OVERVIEW
40	INFORMATIVE ANNEX D HOW TO READ A TEST REPORT D1. BACKGROUND D1.1 ASHRAE does not actually test air-cleaning devices or determine their performance but only specifies the test procedure to be used by manufacturers and test laboratories. D1.2 Air cleaner testing in a laboratory is intended to help the user compare the performance of different types of air cleaners. Standard 145.2 testing attempts to simulate the performance of air-cleaning devices in real-life operation but cannot du… D1.3 The Standard 145.2 test involves concentrations and compositions that are almost certain to be different from those the air-cleaning device will encounter when installed in a system. Also the airflow rate, final resistance, and temperature and h…
41	D2. READING A TEST REPORT D2.1 The summary section of a sample performance report for a fictional gas-phase air-cleaning device is shown in Figure D-1. A description of each section of the report and important components within each section are provided below. The numbers ins…
43	INFORMATIVE ANNEX E APPLICATION GUIDELINES E1. Selection of Test Contaminant Chemicals E2. Extrapolation of Chemical Performance Data to Another Concentration
44	E2.1 Physical Adsorption Performance. E2.2 In spite of the complexity of physical adsorption, comparatively simple expressions have been developed to describe the behavior of adsorbers. Expressions fitting available test data over a wide range of operating conditions for many pollutants …
45	E3. Extrapolation of Performance Data for one Chemical to a Different Chemical E4. Chemical Adsorption
46	E4.1 Chemisorption Performance. INFORMATIVE ANNEX F BIBLIOGRAPHY