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BS EN 13001-3-5:2016:2017 Edition

BS EN 13001-3-5:2016:2017 Edition

$215.11

Cranes. General design – Limit states and proof of competence of forged hooks

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2017 84
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This European Standard is to be used together with EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2 and, as such, they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to prevent by design and theoretical verification, mechanical hazards in crane hooks.

This European Standard covers the following parts of hooks and types of hooks:

  • bodies of any type of hooks made of steel forgings;

  • machined shanks of hooks with a thread/nut suspension.

Principles of this European Standard can be applied to machined shanks of hooks in general. However, stress concentration factors relevant to designs not given in this standard would have to be determined and applied.

NOTE 1

Cast hooks and plate hooks, which are those, assembled of one or several parallel parts of rolled steel plates, are not covered in this European Standard.

The following is a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during normal use and foreseeable misuse. Clauses 4 to 8 of this document are necessary to reduce or eliminate the risks associated with the following hazards:

  1. exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue);

  2. exceeding temperature limits of material.

The requirements of this European Standard are stated in the main body of the document and are applicable to forged hook designs in general.

The commonly used hook body and shank designs listed in Annexes A, B and F are only examples and should not be referred to as requirements of this European Standard. Annex I gives guidance for the selection of a hook size, where a hook body is in accordance with Annex A or B. The selection of hook form is not limited to those shown in Annexes A and B.

This European Standard is applicable to cranes, which are manufactured after the date of approval of this European Standard by CEN, and serves as a reference base for product standards of particular crane types.

NOTE 2

This part of EN 13001 deals only with the limit state method in accordance with EN 13001–1 .

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
4 Contents Page
6 European foreword
7 Introduction
8 1 Scope
2 Normative references
10 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
11 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations
13 4 General requirements
4.1 Materials
4.1.1 General
14 Table 2 — Impact test requirement for hook material
Table 3 — Sulphur and phosphorus content
Table 4 — Hardenability of quenched and tempered materials, Jominy-ratio
15 4.1.2 Typical standards and grades
Table 5 — Suitable materials for forged hooks
4.1.3 Classification of hook materials
Table 6 — Mechanical properties for classified materials
4.2 Workmanship
16 Table 7 — Requirement for the deformation ratio
4.3 Manufacturing tolerances of forgings
4.4 Heat treatment
4.5 Cold forming by proof loading
4.6 Hook body geometry
17 Figure 1 — Hook dimensions
18 4.7 Hook shank machining
Figure 2 — Machined dimensions of shank
19 4.8 Nut
4.9 Effect of hook suspension
5 Static strength
5.1 General
5.2 Vertical design force
20 5.3 Horizontal design force
21 5.4 Bending moment of the shank
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Bending moment due to horizontal force
22 5.4.3 Bending moment due to inclination of hook suspension
Figure 3 — Tilting of a hook in case of different hoist travel distances
23 Figure 4 — Tilting of a hook suspension in a single rope reeving system
5.4.4 Bending moment due to eccentricity of vertical force
24 5.4.5 Exceptional case for ramshorn hooks
5.4.6 Design bending moment of the shank
25 5.5 Hook body, design stresses
5.5.1 Loadings
Figure 5 — Load actions on hook body and critical sections for calculation
5.5.2 Stress calculation methods
26 5.5.3 Design stresses
27 5.6 Hook shank, design stresses
5.7 Hook, proof of static strength
5.7.1 General for hook body and shank
28 5.7.2 The use of static limit design force for verification of the hook body
29 6 Fatigue strength
6.1 General
6.2 Vertical fatigue design force
6.3 Horizontal fatigue design force
30 6.4 Fatigue design bending moment of shank
6.4.1 Bending moment due to horizontal force
6.4.2 Bending moment due to inclination of hook suspension
6.4.3 Bending moment due to eccentricity of vertical force
31 6.5 Proof of fatigue strength, hook body
6.5.1 Design stress calculation
6.5.2 Stress history in general
32 6.5.3 Stress history based upon classified duty
33 Table 8 — Fatigue design parameters for classified duty
6.5.4 Limit fatigue design stress
34 Table 9 — Characteristic fatigue strength of forged hook materials
6.5.5 Execution of the proof
35 Table 10 — Fatigue strength specific resistance factor
6.5.6 The use of fatigue limit design force for verification of the hook body
36 6.6 Proof of fatigue strength, hook shank
6.6.1 General
6.6.2 Design stress calculation
37 6.6.3 Applied stress cycles
Table 11 — Average number of horizontal accelerations pa
38 6.6.4 Basic fatigue strength of material
6.6.5 Stress concentration effects from geometry
Table 12 — Parameters for calculation of stress concentration factors
39 6.6.6 Fatigue strength of notched shank
6.6.7 Mean stress influence
40 Figure 6 — Smith diagram and transformation of stress amplitude
6.6.8 Transformation to stresses at zero mean stress
41 6.6.9 Stress history parameter in general
6.6.10 Stress history parameter based upon classified duty
42 6.6.11 Execution of the proof
6.7 Fatigue design of hook shanks for stand alone hooks
43 7 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures
7.1 General
7.2 Scope of testing and sampling
7.3 Testing of mechanical properties
7.4 Test loading
44 Figure 7 — Application of a test load or test forces on hook
8 Information for use
8.1 Maintenance and inspection
45 8.2 Marking
Figure 8 — Markings of a hook
46 8.3 Safe use
47 Annex A (informative) Sets of single hooks
A.1 A series of single hooks of type RS/RSN, dimensions of forgings
Figure A.1 — Symbols of dimensions for single hooks with concave flanks
48 Table A.1 — Dimensions of forgings for single hooks in millimetres (mm)
49 A.2 A series of single hooks of type RF/RFN, dimensions of forgings
Figure A.2 — Symbols of dimensions for single hooks with straight flanks
50 Table A.2 — Dimensions of forgings for single hooks in millimetres (mm)
51 A.3 A series of single hooks of type B, dimensions of forgings
Figure A.3 — Symbols of dimensions for single hooks
52 Table A.3 — Dimensions of forgings for single hooks in millimetres (mm)
53 Annex B (informative) A series of ramshorn hooks of type RS/RSN and RF/RFN, dimensions of forgings
Figure B.1 — Symbols of dimensions for ramshorn hooks
54 Table B.1 — Dimensions of forgings for ramshorn hooks in millimetres (mm)
55 Annex C (informative) Dimensional tolerances of forgings
Table C.1 — Single hooks, dimensional tolerances of forgings
Table C.2 — Ramshorn hooks, dimensional tolerances of forgings
56 Annex D (normative) Static limit design forces of hook bodies
D.1 Static limit design forces of hook bodies for hooks of type RS and RF
Table D.1 — Static limit design forces FRd,s in kilonewtons (kN)
57 D.2 Static limit design forces of hook bodies for a series of hooks of type B, with additional materials
Table D.2 — Static limit design forces FRd,s in kilonewtons (kN)
58 Annex E (normative) Fatigue limit design forces of hook bodies
E.1 Fatigue limit design forces of hook bodies for hooks of type RS and RF
Table E.1 — Fatigue limit design forces FRd,f in kilonewtons (kN)
59 E.2 Fatigue limit design forces of hook bodies for a series of hooks of type B, with additional materials
Table E.2 — Fatigue limit design forces FRd,f in kilonewtons (kN)
60 Annex F (informative) Sets of hook shank and thread designs
F.1 A series of hook shank and thread designs, a knuckle thread
Figure F.1 — Symbols of dimensions for a hook shank and thread
61 Table F.1 — Dimensions of hook shank and thread in millimetres (mm)
62 F.2 A series of hook shank and thread designs, a metric thread
Figure F.2 — Symbols of dimensions for a hook shank and thread
63 Table F.2 — Dimensions of hook shank and thread in millimetres (mm)
64 F.3 A series of hook shank and thread designs, a modified metric thread
Figure F.3 — Symbols of dimensions for a hook shank and thread
65 Table F.3 — Dimensions of hook shank and thread in millimetres (mm)
66 F.4 Hook shank and thread designs for hooks of type B
Figure F.4 — Symbols of dimensions for a hook shank and thread
67 Table F.4 — Dimensions of hook shank and thread in millimetres (mm)
68 Annex G (normative) Bending of curved beams
G.1 Basic formulae for stresses
69 Figure G.1 — Symbols for curved beam bending calculation
G.2 Approximation of the reference moment of inertia
70 Figure G.2 — Factor k for a selection of section types
71 Annex H (normative) Calculation of hook suspension tilting resistance, articulation by a hinge or a rope reeving system
H.1 General
Figure H.1 — General presentation of hook tilting resistance
72 H.2 Articulation of hook by a hinge
Figure H.2 — A hook suspension with a hook articulation by a hinge
H.3 Articulation of a hook suspension by a balanced rope reeving
73 Figure H.3 — An example of a rope reeving system
Table H.1 — Rope forces in a tilted condition
75 Annex I (informative) Guidance for the selection of a hook body size using Annexes D and E
I.1 General
I.2 Case description
I.3 Proof of static strength
76 I.4 Proof of fatigue strength
I.5 Final selection of hook
77 Annex J (normative) Information to be provided by the hook manufacturer
Table J.1 — Information to be provided by the hook manufacturer
78 Annex K (informative) Guidance on cold forming by proof loading
79 Annex L (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application
81 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
82 Bibliography

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