BS EN 13001-3-5:2016 – TC:2020 Edition
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Tracked Changes. Cranes. General design – Limit states and proof of competence of forged hooks
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2020 | 197 |
This European Standard is to be used together with EN 13001-1 and EN 13001-2 and, as such, they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to prevent by design and theoretical verification, mechanical hazards in crane hooks. This European Standard covers the following parts of hooks and types of hooks: – bodies of any type of hooks made of steel forgings; – machined shanks of hooks with a thread/nut suspension. Principles of this European Standard can be applied to machined shanks of hooks in general. However, stress concentration factors relevant to designs not given in this standard would have to be determined and applied. NOTE 1 Cast hooks and plate hooks, which are those, assembled of one or several parallel parts of rolled steel plates, are not covered in this European Standard. The following is a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during normal use and foreseeable misuse. Clauses 4 to 8 of this document are necessary to reduce or eliminate the risks associated with the following hazards: a) exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue); b) exceeding temperature limits of material. The requirements of this European Standard are stated in the main body of the document and are applicable to forged hook designs in general. The commonly used hook body and shank designs listed in Annexes A, B and F are only examples and should not be referred to as requirements of this European Standard. Annex I gives guidance for the selection of a hook size, where a hook body is in accordance with Annex A or B. The selection of hook form is not limited to those shown in Annexes A and B. This European Standard is applicable to cranes, which are manufactured after the date of approval of this European Standard by CEN, and serves as a reference base for product standards of particular crane types. NOTE 2 This part of EN 13001 deals only with the limit state method in accordance with EN 13001-1.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 117 | Contents Page |
| 119 | European foreword |
| 120 | Introduction |
| 121 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references |
| 123 | 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions |
| 124 | 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations Table 1 — Symbols and abbreviations |
| 126 | 4 General requirements 4.1 Materials 4.1.1 General |
| 127 | Table 2 — Impact test requirement for hook material Table 3 — Sulphur and phosphorus content Table 4 — Hardenability of quenched and tempered materials, Jominy-ratio |
| 128 | 4.1.2 Typical standards and grades Table 5 — Suitable materials for forged hooks 4.1.3 Classification of hook materials Table 6 — Mechanical properties for classified materials 4.2 Workmanship |
| 129 | Table 7 — Requirement for the deformation ratio 4.3 Manufacturing tolerances of forgings 4.4 Heat treatment 4.5 Cold forming by proof loading 4.6 Hook body geometry |
| 130 | Figure 1 — Hook dimensions |
| 131 | 4.7 Hook shank machining Figure 2 — Machined dimensions of shank |
| 132 | 4.8 Nut 4.9 Effect of hook suspension 5 Static strength 5.1 General 5.2 Vertical design force |
| 133 | 5.3 Horizontal design force |
| 134 | 5.4 Bending moment of the shank 5.4.1 General 5.4.2 Bending moment due to horizontal force |
| 135 | 5.4.3 Bending moment due to inclination of hook suspension Figure 3 — Tilting of a hook in case of different hoist travel distances |
| 136 | Figure 4 — Tilting of a hook suspension in a single rope reeving system 5.4.4 Bending moment due to eccentricity of vertical force |
| 137 | 5.4.5 Exceptional case for ramshorn hooks 5.4.6 Design bending moment of the shank |
| 138 | 5.5 Hook body, design stresses 5.5.1 Loadings Figure 5 — Load actions on hook body and critical sections for calculation 5.5.2 Stress calculation methods |
| 139 | 5.5.3 Design stresses |
| 140 | 5.6 Hook shank, design stresses 5.7 Hook, proof of static strength 5.7.1 General for hook body and shank |
| 141 | 5.7.2 The use of static limit design force for verification of the hook body |
| 142 | 6 Fatigue strength 6.1 General 6.2 Vertical fatigue design force 6.3 Horizontal fatigue design force |
| 143 | 6.4 Fatigue design bending moment of shank 6.4.1 Bending moment due to horizontal force 6.4.2 Bending moment due to inclination of hook suspension 6.4.3 Bending moment due to eccentricity of vertical force |
| 144 | 6.5 Proof of fatigue strength, hook body 6.5.1 Design stress calculation 6.5.2 Stress history in general |
| 145 | 6.5.3 Stress history based upon classified duty |
| 146 | Table 8 — Fatigue design parameters for classified duty 6.5.4 Limit fatigue design stress |
| 147 | Table 9 — Characteristic fatigue strength of forged hook materials 6.5.5 Execution of the proof |
| 148 | Table 10 — Fatigue strength specific resistance factor 6.5.6 The use of fatigue limit design force for verification of the hook body |
| 149 | 6.6 Proof of fatigue strength, hook shank 6.6.1 General 6.6.2 Design stress calculation |
| 150 | 6.6.3 Applied stress cycles Table 11 — Average number of horizontal accelerations pa |
| 151 | 6.6.4 Basic fatigue strength of material 6.6.5 Stress concentration effects from geometry Table 12 — Parameters for calculation of stress concentration factors |
| 152 | 6.6.6 Fatigue strength of notched shank 6.6.7 Mean stress influence |
| 153 | Figure 6 — Smith diagram and transformation of stress amplitude 6.6.8 Transformation to stresses at zero mean stress |
| 154 | 6.6.9 Stress history parameter in general 6.6.10 Stress history parameter based upon classified duty |
| 155 | 6.6.11 Execution of the proof 6.7 Fatigue design of hook shanks for stand alone hooks |
| 156 | 7 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures 7.1 General 7.2 Scope of testing and sampling 7.3 Testing of mechanical properties 7.4 Test loading |
| 157 | Figure 7 — Application of a test load or test forces on hook 8 Information for use 8.1 Maintenance and inspection |
| 158 | 8.2 Marking Figure 8 — Markings of a hook |
| 159 | 8.3 Safe use |
| 160 | Annex A (informative) Sets of single hooks A.1 A series of single hooks of type RS/RSN, dimensions of forgings Figure A.1 — Symbols of dimensions for single hooks with concave flanks |
| 161 | Table A.1 — Dimensions of forgings for single hooks in millimetres (mm) |
| 162 | A.2 A series of single hooks of type RF/RFN, dimensions of forgings Figure A.2 — Symbols of dimensions for single hooks with straight flanks |
| 163 | Table A.2 — Dimensions of forgings for single hooks in millimetres (mm) |
| 164 | A.3 A series of single hooks of type B, dimensions of forgings Figure A.3 — Symbols of dimensions for single hooks |
| 165 | Table A.3 — Dimensions of forgings for single hooks in millimetres (mm) |
| 166 | Annex B (informative) A series of ramshorn hooks of type RS/RSN and RF/RFN, dimensions of forgings Figure B.1 — Symbols of dimensions for ramshorn hooks |
| 167 | Table B.1 — Dimensions of forgings for ramshorn hooks in millimetres (mm) |
| 168 | Annex C (informative) Dimensional tolerances of forgings Table C.1 — Single hooks, dimensional tolerances of forgings Table C.2 — Ramshorn hooks, dimensional tolerances of forgings |
| 169 | Annex D (normative) Static limit design forces of hook bodies D.1 Static limit design forces of hook bodies for hooks of type RS and RF Table D.1 — Static limit design forces FRd,s in kilonewtons (kN) |
| 170 | D.2 Static limit design forces of hook bodies for a series of hooks of type B, with additional materials Table D.2 — Static limit design forces FRd,s in kilonewtons (kN) |
| 171 | Annex E (normative) Fatigue limit design forces of hook bodies E.1 Fatigue limit design forces of hook bodies for hooks of type RS and RF Table E.1 — Fatigue limit design forces FRd,f in kilonewtons (kN) |
| 172 | E.2 Fatigue limit design forces of hook bodies for a series of hooks of type B, with additional materials Table E.2 — Fatigue limit design forces FRd,f in kilonewtons (kN) |
| 173 | Annex F (informative) Sets of hook shank and thread designs F.1 A series of hook shank and thread designs, a knuckle thread Figure F.1 — Symbols of dimensions for a hook shank and thread |
| 174 | Table F.1 — Dimensions of hook shank and thread in millimetres (mm) |
| 175 | F.2 A series of hook shank and thread designs, a metric thread Figure F.2 — Symbols of dimensions for a hook shank and thread |
| 176 | Table F.2 — Dimensions of hook shank and thread in millimetres (mm) |
| 177 | F.3 A series of hook shank and thread designs, a modified metric thread Figure F.3 — Symbols of dimensions for a hook shank and thread |
| 178 | Table F.3 — Dimensions of hook shank and thread in millimetres (mm) |
| 179 | F.4 Hook shank and thread designs for hooks of type B Figure F.4 — Symbols of dimensions for a hook shank and thread |
| 180 | Table F.4 — Dimensions of hook shank and thread in millimetres (mm) |
| 181 | Annex G (normative) Bending of curved beams G.1 Basic formulae for stresses |
| 182 | Figure G.1 — Symbols for curved beam bending calculation G.2 Approximation of the reference moment of inertia |
| 183 | Figure G.2 — Factor k for a selection of section types |
| 184 | Annex H (normative) Calculation of hook suspension tilting resistance, articulation by a hinge or a rope reeving system H.1 General Figure H.1 — General presentation of hook tilting resistance |
| 185 | H.2 Articulation of hook by a hinge Figure H.2 — A hook suspension with a hook articulation by a hinge H.3 Articulation of a hook suspension by a balanced rope reeving |
| 186 | Figure H.3 — An example of a rope reeving system Table H.1 — Rope forces in a tilted condition |
| 188 | Annex I (informative) Guidance for the selection of a hook body size using Annexes D and E I.1 General I.2 Case description I.3 Proof of static strength |
| 189 | I.4 Proof of fatigue strength I.5 Final selection of hook |
| 190 | Annex J (normative) Information to be provided by the hook manufacturer Table J.1 — Information to be provided by the hook manufacturer |
| 191 | Annex K (informative) Guidance on cold forming by proof loading |
| 192 | Annex L (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application |
| 194 | Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC |
| 195 | Bibliography |
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