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BS EN IEC 60676:2024

BS EN IEC 60676:2024

$167.15

Industrial electroheating equipment. Test methods for direct arc furnaces

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2024 44
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IEC 60676:2024 This document specifies the basic test procedures, conditions and methods for establishing the main performance parameters and the main operational characteristics of furnaces for direct arc heating, forming arcs between the electrode and metal, such as electric arc furnaces using alternating current (EAF AC) or direct current (EAF DC), and ladle furnaces (LF), with rated power level above 500 kVA . This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) The structure has been redrafted according to IEC 60398:2015. b) The scope has been redrafted. c) The terms/definitions, normative references and bibliography have been updated and completed. d) The test methods and content from IEC 60398:2015 have been confirmed, replaced, or complemented with regards to direct arc furnaces (EAF, LF). e) The annexes from IEC 60398:2015 have been confirmed, replaced, or complemented with regards to direct arc furnaces (EAF, LF).

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
5 Annex ZA (normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
6 English
CONTENTS
8 FOREWORD
10 INTRODUCTION
11 1 Scope
2 Normative references
12 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
16 3.2 Abbreviated terms
17 4 Basic provisions for testing and test conditions
4.1 Aim of testing
4.2 Communication of test results
4.3 Boundaries of the energy using system for testing
4.3.1 General considerations
4.3.2 Batch type installations
18 4.3.3 Continuous type installations
4.4 General requirements for testing
4.5 Operating conditions during tests
4.6 Environmental conditions during tests
4.7 Supply voltage
19 5 Comparing equipment or installations
6 Measurements and charged material
6.1 General
6.2 Time resolution
6.3 Frequency measurement
6.4 Measurement of electrical data
6.4.1 Supply voltage and current
6.4.2 Voltage, current, electrical power and resistance
20 6.4.3 Measurement positions
6.5 Temperature measurement
6.5.101 Dipping probes for liquid steel or slag
6.6 Measurement of pressure, humidity or composition of fluids
6.7 Charged material
21 7 Numerical modelling
22 8 Technical tests
8.101 General
8.102 Electrical insulation
8.103 Cold function test
8.104 Hot commissioning
8.104.1 General
8.104.2 Energy consumption during holding operation
23 8.104.3 Energy consumption during normal operation
8.104.4 Rated arc furnace capacity
8.105 Preparation for performance test
24 8.105.1 Performance dependence on supply voltage
8.105.2 Processing range of intended operation
8.105.3 Short circuit test
8.105.4 Electrode consumption
8.105.5 Tap-to-tap time
8.105.6 Power on time
8.105.7 Arcing time
8.105.8 Process time
8.105.9 Apparent power
8.105.10 Active power
25 8.105.11 Reactive power
8.105.12 Power factor
9 Efficiency of the installation
9.1 General
9.2 Specific energy consumption
9.3 Heating efficiency of arc furnace installation
26 9.4 Supply power usage efficiency
9.5 Energy transfer efficiency
27 Annex A (informative)Energy efficiency assessment
28 Annex B (informative)Visual display of energy efficiency related information
Figures
Figure B.101 – Sankey diagram of a 130 MVA EAF DC (see Bibliography, Kühn)
30 Figure B.102 – Example of a time resolved power usage diagram of EAF scrap melting
32 Annex C (informative)Estimating energy use
C.1 General
C.2 Minimum energy consumption
33 C.3 Holding power
C.4 Transfer losses and transfer efficiency
C.5 Examples
34 Annex D (informative)Energy recoverability
35 Annex AA (informative)Short circuit test procedures (dip test)
AA.1 General
AA.1.1 EAF AC
AA.1.2 EAF DC
AA.2 High current system: resistance and reactance of EAF AC
AA.3 Impedances determined by short circuit test
36 AA.4 Test procedures for EAF AC
37 Figure AA.1 – Typical single line diagram for measuring electrical data of the high current system to determine the resistance and reactance values
40 AA.5 Reactance asymmetry factor
41 AA.6 Uncertainties of the operational short circuit measurements
42 Bibliography

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BS EN IEC 60676:2024
$167.15