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BS EN ISO 19136-1:2020

BS EN ISO 19136-1:2020

$215.11

Geographic information. Geography Markup Language (GML) – Fundamentals

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2020 376
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The Geography Markup Language (GML) is an XML encoding in accordance with ISO 19118 for the transport and storage of geographic information modelled in accordance with the conceptual modelling framework used in the ISO 19100 series of International Standards and including both the spatial and non-spatial properties of geographic features.

This document defines the XML Schema syntax, mechanisms and conventions that:

  • provide an open, vendor-neutral framework for the description of geospatial application schemas for the transport and storage of geographic information in XML;

  • allow profiles that support proper subsets of GML framework descriptive capabilities;

  • support the description of geospatial application schemas for specialized domains and information communities;

  • enable the creation and maintenance of linked geographic application schemas and datasets;

  • support the storage and transport of application schemas and datasets;

  • increase the ability of organizations to share geographic application schemas and the information they describe.

Implementers can decide to store geographic application schemas and information in GML, or they can decide to convert from some other storage format on demand and use GML only for schema and data transport.

NOTE

If an ISO 19109 conformant application schema described in UML is used as the basis for the storage and transportation of geographic information, this document provides normative rules for the mapping of such an application schema to a GML application schema in XML Schema and, as such, to an XML encoding for data with a logical structure in accordance with the ISO 19109 conformant application schema.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 European foreword
Endorsement notice
12 Foreword
14 Introduction
17 1 Scope
2 Normative references
18 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
25 3.2 Abbreviated terms
26 4 Conformance
4.1 Conformance requirements
4.2 Conformance classes related to GML application schemas
27 4.3 Conformance classes related to GML profiles
28 4.4 Conformance classes related to GML documents
4.5 Conformance classes related to software implementations
29 5 Conventions
5.1 XML namespaces
5.2 Versioning
5.3 Deprecated parts of previous versions of GML
5.4 UML notation
31 5.5 XML Schema
6 Overview of the GML schema
6.1 GML schema
6.2 GML application schemas
32 6.3 Relationship between the ISO 19100 series of International Standards, the GML schema and GML application schemas
33 6.4 Organization of this document
34 6.5 Deprecated and experimental schema components
35 7 GML schema — General rules and base schema components
7.1 GML model and syntax
7.1.1 GML instance documents
36 7.1.2 Lexical conventions
7.1.3 XML Schema definition of GML language
37 7.2 gmlBase schema components
7.2.1 Goals of base schema components
7.2.2 Base objects
38 7.2.3 GML properties
43 7.2.4 Standard properties of GML objects
7.2.5 Collections of GML objects
44 7.2.6 Metadata
47 8 GML schema — Xlinks and basic types
8.1 Xlinks — Object associations and remote properties
49 8.2 Basic types
8.2.1 Overview
8.2.2 Relationship with ISO 19103
8.2.3 Simple types
54 8.2.4 Lists
56 9 GML schema — Features
9.1 General concepts
9.2 Relationship with ISO 19109
57 9.3 Features
9.3.1 AbstractFeatureType
9.3.2 AbstractFeature
9.4 Standard feature properties
9.4.1 boundedBy, BoundingShapeType, EnvelopeWithTimePeriod, EnvelopeWithTimePeriodType
58 9.4.2 locationName, locationReference
59 9.4.3 FeaturePropertyType, FeatureArrayPropertyType
9.5 Geometry properties
60 9.6 Topology properties
61 9.7 Temporal properties
62 9.8 Defining application-specific feature types
63 9.9 Feature collections
9.9.1 GML feature collections
64 9.9.2 AbstractFeatureMemberType and derived property types
9.10 Spatial reference system used in a feature or feature collection
65 10 GML schema — Geometric primitives
10.1 General concepts
10.1.1 Overview
10.1.2 Relationship with ISO 19107
66 10.1.3 Abstract geometry
68 10.1.4 Coordinate geometry, vectors and envelopes
70 10.2 Abstract geometric primitives
10.2.1 AbstractGeometricPrimitiveType, AbstractGeometricPrimitive
71 10.2.2 GeometricPrimitivePropertyType
10.3 Geometric primitives (0‑dimensional)
10.3.1 PointType, Point
10.3.2 PointPropertyType, pointProperty
72 10.3.3 PointArrayPropertyType, pointArrayProperty
10.4 Geometric primitives (1‑dimensional)
10.4.1 AbstractCurveType, AbstractCurve
10.4.2 CurvePropertyType, curveProperty
73 10.4.3 CurveArrayPropertyType, curveArrayProperty
10.4.4 LineStringType, LineString
10.4.5 CurveType, Curve
74 10.4.6 OrientableCurveType, OrientableCurve, baseCurve
10.4.7 Curve segments
83 10.5 Geometric primitives (2‑dimensional)
10.5.1 AbstractSurfaceType, AbstractSurface
84 10.5.2 SurfacePropertyType, surfaceProperty
10.5.3 SurfaceArrayPropertyType, surfaceArrayProperty
10.5.4 PolygonType, Polygon
10.5.5 exterior, interior
85 10.5.6 AbstractRingType, AbstractRing
10.5.7 AbstractRingPropertyType
10.5.8 LinearRingType, LinearRing
86 10.5.9 LinearRingPropertyType
10.5.10 SurfaceType, Surface
10.5.11 OrientableSurfaceType, OrientableSurface, baseSurface
88 10.5.12 Surface patches
92 10.6 Geometric primitives (3‑dimensional)
10.6.1 AbstractSolidType, AbstractSolid
10.6.2 SolidPropertyType, solidProperty
93 10.6.3 SolidArrayPropertyType, solidArrayProperty
10.6.4 SolidType, Solid
10.6.5 ShellType, Shell
94 10.6.6 ShellPropertyType
11 GML schema — Geometric complex, geometric composites and geometric aggregates
11.1 Overview
95 11.2 Geometric complex and geometric composites
11.2.1 Geometric complex
11.2.2 Composite geometries
97 11.3 Geometric aggregates
11.3.1 Aggregates of unspecified dimensionality
98 11.3.2 0‑Dimensional aggregates
99 11.3.3 1‑Dimensional aggregates
100 11.3.4 2‑Dimensional aggregates
101 11.3.5 3‑Dimensional aggregates
12 GML schema — Coordinate reference systems schemas
12.1 Overview
12.1.1 General
102 12.1.2 Relationship with ISO 19111
12.1.3 Important XML elements
103 12.2 Reference systems
12.2.1 Overview
104 12.2.2 IdentifiedObjectType
12.2.3 Abstract coordinate reference system
105 12.3 Coordinate reference systems
12.3.1 Overview
12.3.2 Abstract coordinate reference systems
106 12.3.3 Concrete coordinate reference systems
112 12.4 Coordinate systems
12.4.1 Overview
12.4.2 Coordinate system axes
113 12.4.3 Abstract coordinate system
114 12.4.4 Concrete coordinate systems
119 12.5 Datums
12.5.1 Overview
12.5.2 Abstract datum
120 12.5.3 Geodetic datum
122 12.5.4 Other concrete datums
124 12.6 Coordinate operations
12.6.1 Overview
125 12.6.2 Abstract coordinate operations
128 12.6.3 Concrete coordinate operations
131 12.6.4 Parameter values and groups
133 12.6.5 Operation method
134 12.6.6 Operation parameters and groups
136 13 GML schema — Topology
13.1 General concepts
13.1.1 Overview
13.1.2 Relationship with ISO 19107
137 13.2 Abstract topology
13.3 Topological primitives
13.3.1 Abstract topological primitives
13.3.2 Topological primitives (0‑dimensional)
138 13.3.3 Topological primitives (1‑dimensional)
139 13.3.4 Topological primitives (2‑dimensional)
140 13.3.5 Topological primitives (3‑dimensional)
141 13.4 Topological collections
13.4.1 Topological collection (0‑dimensional)
142 13.4.2 Topological collection (1‑dimensional)
13.4.3 Topological collection (2‑dimensional)
143 13.4.4 Topological collection (3‑dimensional)
13.5 Topology complex
13.5.1 TopoComplexType, TopoComplex
144 13.5.2 Maximal, sub- and super-complexes
13.5.3 topoPrimitiveMember
13.5.4 topoPrimitiveMembers
13.5.5 TopoComplexPropertyType, topoComplexProperty
145 14 GML schema — Temporal information and dynamic features
14.1 General concepts
14.1.1 Overview
146 14.1.2 Relationship with ISO 19108
14.2 Temporal schema
14.2.1 Abstract temporal objects
148 14.2.2 Temporal geometry
153 14.3 Temporal topology schema
14.3.1 General
14.3.2 Temporal topology objects
156 14.4 Temporal reference systems
14.4.1 Overview
14.4.2 Basic temporal reference system, TimeReferenceSystem
157 14.4.3 TimeCoordinateSystem
158 14.4.4 Calendars and clocks
160 14.4.5 Ordinal temporal reference systems
162 14.5 Representing dynamic features
14.5.1 Overview
14.5.2 dataSource
163 14.5.3 Dynamic properties
14.5.4 DynamicFeature
14.5.5 DynamicFeatureCollection
164 14.5.6 AbstractTimeSlice
165 14.5.7 history
166 15 GML schema — Definitions and dictionaries
15.1 Overview
167 15.2 Dictionary schema
15.2.1 Definition, DefinitionType, remarks
15.2.2 Dictionary, DictionaryType
168 15.2.3 dictionaryEntry, DictionaryEntryType
15.2.4 Using definitions and dictionaries
169 16 GML schema — Units, measures and values
16.1 Introduction
170 16.2 Units schema
16.2.1 Overview
16.2.2 Using unit definitions
16.2.3 unitOfMeasure, UnitOfMeasureType
171 16.2.4 UnitDefinition, UnitDefinitionType
16.2.5 quantityType, quantityTypeReference
16.2.6 catalogSymbol
16.2.7 BaseUnit, BaseUnitType, unitsSystem
172 16.2.8 DerivedUnit, DerivedUnitType
16.2.9 derivationUnitTerms, DerivationUnitTermType
16.2.10 ConventionalUnit, ConventionalUnitType
173 16.2.11 conversionToPreferredUnit, roughConversionToPreferredUnit, ConversionToPreferredUnitType, FormulaType
174 16.2.12 Example of units dictionary
175 16.3 Measures schema
16.3.1 Overview
16.3.2 measure
16.3.3 Scalar measure types
176 16.3.4 angle
16.4 Value objects schema
16.4.1 Introduction
16.4.2 Value element hierarchy
177 16.4.3 Boolean, BooleanList
16.4.4 Category, CategoryList
178 16.4.5 Count, CountList
16.4.6 Quantity, QuantityList
179 16.4.7 AbstractValue, AbstractScalarValue, AbstractScalarValueList
16.4.8 Value
16.4.9 valueProperty, valueComponent, valueComponents
180 16.4.10 CompositeValue
181 16.4.11 ValueArray
182 16.4.12 Typed ValueExtents: CategoryExtent, CountExtent, QuantityExtent
183 16.4.13 BooleanPropertyType, CategoryPropertyType, CountPropertyType, QuantityPropertyType
17 GML schema — Directions
17.1 Direction schema
17.2 direction, DirectionPropertyType
17.3 DirectionVectorType
184 17.4 DirectionDescriptionType
185 18 GML schema — Observations
18.1 Observations
18.2 Observation schema
18.2.1 Overview
18.2.2 Observation
186 18.2.3 using
18.2.4 target
187 18.2.5 resultOf
18.2.6 DirectedObservation
188 18.2.7 DirectedObservationAtDistance
189 19 GML schema — Coverages
19.1 The coverage model and representations
19.1.1 General remarks
190 19.1.2 Formal description of a coverage
19.1.3 Coverage in GML
191 19.1.4 Relationship with ISO 19123
19.2 Grids schema
19.2.1 Overview
19.2.2 Grid
192 19.2.3 RectifiedGrid
194 19.3 Coverage schema
19.3.1 AbstractCoverageType, AbstractCoverage
19.3.2 DiscreteCoverageType, AbstractDiscreteCoverage
19.3.3 AbstractContinuousCoverageType, AbstractContinuousCoverage
195 19.3.4 domainSet, DomainSetType
19.3.5 rangeSet, RangeSetType
196 19.3.6 DataBlock
19.3.7 rangeParameters
19.3.8 tupleList
197 19.3.9 doubleOrNilReasonTupleList
19.3.10 File, FileType
198 19.3.11 coverageFunction, CoverageFunctionType
199 19.3.12 CoverageMappingRule
200 19.3.13 GridFunction, GridFunctionType
19.3.14 sequenceRule, SequenceRuleType, SequenceRuleEnumeration
201 19.3.15 Specific Coverage Types in GML
19.3.16 MultiPointCoverage
202 19.3.17 MultiCurveCoverage
203 19.3.18 MultiSurfaceCoverage
205 19.3.19 MultiSolidCoverage
19.3.20 GridCoverage
206 19.3.21 RectifiedGridCoverage
207 20 Profiles
20.1 Profiles of GML and application schemas
20.2 Definition of profile
20.3 Relation to application schema
208 20.4 Rules for elements and types in a profile
20.5 Rules for referencing GML profiles from application schemas
209 20.6 Recommendations for application schemas using GML profiles
20.7 Summary of rules for GML profiles
210 21 Rules for GML application schemas
21.1 Instances of GML objects
21.1.1 GML documents
21.1.2 GML object elements in other XML documents
21.2 GML application schemas
21.2.1 General
212 21.2.2 Target namespace
21.2.3 Import GML schema
21.2.4 Object type derivation
21.2.5 Elements representing objects
21.2.6 Property type derivation
213 21.2.7 Elements representing properties
21.3 Schemas defining Features and Feature Collections
21.3.1 General
21.3.2 Import GML schema components
214 21.3.3 Elements representing features
21.3.4 Application features are features
21.4 Schemas defining spatial geometries
21.4.1 Import GML geometry schema components
21.4.2 User-defined geometry types and geometry property types
215 21.5 Schemas defining spatial topologies
21.5.1 Import GML topology schema components
216 21.5.2 User-defined topology types and topology property types
21.6 Schemas defining time
21.6.1 Import GML temporal schema components
21.6.2 User-defined temporal types and temporal property types
217 21.7 Schemas defining coordinate reference systems
21.7.1 General
218 21.7.2 Import GML coordinate reference system schema components
21.8 Schemas defining coverages
21.8.1 General
21.8.2 Import GML coverage schema components
21.8.3 User-defined coverage types
21.8.4 Range parameters shall be substitutable for AbstractValue
219 21.8.5 Coverage document
21.9 Schemas defining observations
21.9.1 General
21.9.2 Import GML observation schema components
220 21.9.3 User-defined observation types
21.9.4 Observation collections
21.9.5 Observations are features
21.9.6 Observation collection document
21.10 Schemas defining dictionaries and definitions
21.10.1 General
21.10.2 Import GML dictionary schema components
21.10.3 User-defined definition types
221 21.10.4 User-defined dictionary types
21.11 Schemas defining values
21.11.1 General
21.11.2 Import GML value objects schema components
21.11.3 Construction of new value types
21.12 GML profiles of the GML schema
224 Annex A (normative) Abstract test suites for GML application schemas, GML profiles and GML documents
238 Annex B (normative) Abstract test suite for software implementations
242 Annex C (informative) GML schema
244 Annex D (normative) Implemented profile of the ISO 19100 series of International Standards and extensions
305 Annex E (normative) UML-to-GML application schema encoding rules
324 Annex F (normative) GML-to-UML application schema encoding rules
333 Annex G (informative) Guidelines for subsetting the GML schema
345 Annex H (informative) Default styling
355 Annex I (informative) Backwards compatibility with earlier versions of GML
371 Annex J (informative) Modularization and dependencies
373 Bibliography

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BS EN ISO 19136-1:2020
$215.11