šŸ”„šŸ”„ Donā€™t Miss Out on Our End of Autumn Sale. If you have any questions, feel free to click the bottom right corner to contact our customer service..

Concat us[email protected]
Shopping Cart

No products in the cart.

šŸ”
BSI 23/30434828 DC 2023

BSI 23/30434828 DC 2023

$24.66

BS EN IEC 62127-2 Ultrasonics. Hydrophones – Part 2. Calibration for ultrasonic fields

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2023 112
PDF Format Searchable Printable Preview Now
Guaranteed Safe Checkout
Categories: ,

If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to our online customer service team by clicking on the bottom right corner. Weā€™re here to assist you 24/7.
Email:[email protected]

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 30434828-NC.pdf
3 87_840e_CDV (1).pdf
14 1 Scope
2 Normative references
15 3 Terms, definitions and symbols
18 ML(f)
Mc(f)
22 3.32.1
3.32.2
23 4 List of symbols
25 5 Overview of calibration procedures
5.1 Principles
26 5.2 Summary of calibration procedures
28 5.3 Reporting of results
30 5.4 Recommended calibration periods
6 Generic requirements of a hydrophone calibration system
6.1 Mechanical positioning
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Accuracy of the axial hydrophone position
6.1.3 Accuracy of the lateral hydrophone position
31 6.2 Temperature measurements and temperature stability
6.3 Hydrophone size
6.4 Measurement vessel and water properties
32 6.5 Measurement of output voltage
7 Electrical considerations
7.1 Signal type
7.2 Earthing
33 7.3 Measurement of hydrophone output voltage
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Electrical loading by measuring instrument
7.3.3 Electrical loading by extension cables
7.3.4 Noise
34 7.3.5 Cross-talk (radio-frequency rf pick-up) and acoustic interference
7.3.6 Integral hydrophone pre-amplifiers
8 Preparation of hydrophones
8.1 General
8.2 Wetting
8.3 Hydrophone support
35 8.4 Influence of cable
9 Free field reciprocity calibration
9.1 General
9.2 Object
9.3 General principles
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Three-transducer reciprocity calibration method
9.3.3 Self-reciprocity calibration method
36 9.3.4 Two-transducer reciprocity calibration method
9.4 Two-transducer reciprocity calibration method
9.4.1 Auxiliary transducers
9.4.2 Reflector
37 9.4.3 Measurement field
9.4.4 Reciprocity approach
9.4.5 Measurement procedure
10 Free field calibration by planar scanning
10.1 General
10.2 Object
10.3 General principle
39 10.4 Procedural requirements
10.4.1 Hydrophone scanning
10.5 Procedure
10.5.1 Power measurement
10.5.2 Transducer mounting
40 10.5.3 Measurement conditions
10.5.4 Measurements
10.6 Corrections and sources of uncertainty
11 Free field calibration by optical interferometry
11.1 General
11.2 Principle
41 12 Calibration by comparison using a standard hydrophone
12.1 General
12.2 Object
12.3 Principle
12.4 Procedural requirements
12.4.1 Source transducer
42 12.4.2 Source transducer drive signal
12.4.3 Measurement system
12.5 Procedure
12.5.1 Measurements (Type I): determination of the directional response of a hydrophone
43 12.5.2 Measurements (Type II): calibration by comparison using a standard hydrophone
12.6 Maximum hydrophone size
44 Annex A (informative) Assessment of uncertainty in free field calibration of hydrophones
A.1 General
A.2 Overall (expanded) uncertainty
A.3 Common sources of uncertainty
46 Annex B (informative) Behaviour of PVDF polymer sensors in high intensity ultrasonic fields
B.1 General
B.2 Theoretical background
B.3 Tests
47 B.4 Results
48 B.5 Conclusions
49 Annex C (informative) Electrical loading corrections
C.1 General
C.2 Corrections using complex impedance
C.3 Corrections using only capacitances
51 Annex D (informative) Absolute calibration of hydrophones using the planar scanning technique
D.1 Overview
D.2 Hydrophone scanning methodology
52 D.3 Corrections and sources of measurement uncertainty
D.3.1 Total power
D.3.2 Received hydrophone signal
D.3.3 Integration
53 D.3.4 Directional response
D.3.5 Finite size of the hydrophone
54 D.3.6 Noise
55 D.3.7 Nonlinear propagation
D.3.8 Planar scanning
56 D.3.9 Intensity proportional to pressure squared
D.4 Rationale behind the planar scanning technique for calibrating hydrophones
D.4.1 General
D.4.2 Relationship between hydrophone and transducer effective radii
59 Annex E (informative) Properties of water
61 Annex F (informative) The absolute calibration of hydrophones by optical interferometry
F.1 Overview
F.2 Present position
F.2.1 ā€œMagnomicā€ or nonlinear propagation-based method
62 F.2.2 Optical interferometry
F.2.3 High frequency implementations of optical interferometry
F.2.3.1 Implementation I
F.2.3.1.1 Measurement system
65 F.2.3.1.2 Data correction
F.2.3.1.3 Spot diameter
F.2.3.1.4 Multipass effects in the foil
F.2.3.1.5 Frequency response of the photodetector
F.2.3.1.6 Example results
66 F.2.3.2 Implementation II
F.2.3.2.1 Measurement system and procedure
68 F.2.3.2.2 Hydrophone sensitivity determination
69 F.2.3.2.3 Uncertainty determination
F.2.3.2.4 Acoustic pulse field
70 F.2.3.2.5 Example results
F.2.3.2.6 Limitations
71 F.2.3.3 Implementation III
F.2.3.3.1 Measurement system
72 F.2.3.3.2 The acoustic field
74 F.2.3.3.3 Calibrations
F.2.3.3.4 Calibration corrections and sources of measurement uncertainty
F.2.3.3.4.1 Interferometer frequency response
75 F.2.3.3.5 Overall measurement uncertainty
76 Annex G (informative) Waveform concepts
G.1 Overview
G.2 Temporal waveform, frequency concepts and hydrophone positioning for comparison calibrations of hydrophones
77 G.3 Temporal waveform and frequency coverage concepts
G.3.1 Using a narrow-band tone-burst (concept a)
78 G.3.2 Using a broadband waveform resulting from a narrow-band tone-burst after nonlinear propagation (concept b)
G.3.3 Using a broadband pulse (concept c)
79 G.3.4 Using a continuous wave frequency sweep with time delay spectrometry (concept d)
G.3.5 Continuous wave frequency sweep with TGFA (concept e)
G.4 Hydrophone position concepts
G.4.1 Near-field hydrophone position (concept A)
G.4.2 Far field hydrophone position (concept B)
80 G.4.3 Far field hydrophone position with special reference to a long propagation path in order to achieve nonlinear distortion (concept C)
G.4.4 Geometric spherical focus position with focusing source transducer (low voltage or linear excitation) (concept D)
G.4.5 Geometric spherical focus position with focusing source transducer and high voltage excitation in order to achieve nonlinear distortion (concept E)
G.5 Special considerations for calibrations close to the face of a transducer
G.5.1 General requirement
81 G.5.2 Influence of edge waves
G.5.3 Potential influence of head waves
82 G.5.4 Treatment of head waves close to the transducer
83 G.5.5 Statements on the usable paraxial plane wave region in the case of a near-field hydrophone position, considering both edge wave and head wave contributions
85 Annex H (informative) Time delay spectrometry ā€“ requirements and a brief review of the technique
H.1 General
H.2 Calibration and performance evaluation of ultrasonic hydrophones using time delay spectrometry
H.2.1 Ultrasonic field parameter measured
H.2.2 Ultrasonic frequency range over which the technique is applicable
H.2.3 Ultrasonic field configuration for which the technique is applicable
H.2.4 Spatial resolution
86 H.2.5 Sensitivity of the technique
H.2.6 Range over which the sensitivity is measured
H.2.7 Reproducibility
H.2.8 Impulse response
H.2.9 Procedure for performing measurements
H.3 Measurement procedure (sensitivity intercomparison)
87 H.4 Measurement procedure (reciprocity calibration)
H.5 Limitations
88 Annex I (informative) Determination of the phase response of hydrophones
I.1 Overview
I.2 Coherent time delay spectrometry
I.2.1 Principle of operation
89 I.2.2 Example results
90 I.2.3 Uncertainties
I.2.4 Limitations
91 I.3 Pulse calibration technique with optical multilayer hydrophone
I.3.1 Principle of operation
I.3.2 Example of results
92 I.3.3 Uncertainties
I.3.4 Limitations
I.4 Nonlinear pulse propagation modelling
I.4.1 Principle of operation
93 I.4.2 Limitations
94 Annex J (informative) Maximum size considerations for the active element of a hydrophone
J.1 Maximum hydrophone size in the near field case (Annex G ā€“ hydrophone position concept A)
J.2 Maximum hydrophone size in the far field case (Annex G ā€“ hydrophone position concept B)
J.3 Maximum hydrophone size in the far field case with special reference to a long propagation path in order to achieve nonlinear distortion (Annex G ā€“ hydrophone position concept C)
96 Annex K (informative) Two-transducer reciprocity calibration method
K.1 General
K.2 Fundamentals of reciprocity
97 K.3 Electrical quantities
98 K.4 Diffraction correction and loss due to nonlinear sound propagation
K.5 Ultrasonic field
99 K.6 Experimental setup
K.6.1 General
K.6.2 Twisting reflector
K.6.3 Translational reflector
100 K.6.4 Translational auxiliary transducer
K.7 Hydrophone calibration using a calibrated spherically curved auxiliary transducer based on the self-reciprocity method

Related products

BSI 23/30434828 DC 2023
$24.66