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BSI PD IEC TR 61292-6:2023 – TC

BSI PD IEC TR 61292-6:2023 – TC

$186.33

Tracked Changes. Optical amplifiers – Distributed Raman amplification

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2023 68
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PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 30469513
39 A-30448628
40 undefined
42 CONTENTS
44 FOREWORD
46 INTRODUCTION
47 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Abbreviated terms
48 4 Background
4.1 General
4.2 Raman amplification process
49 Figures
Figure 1 – Stimulated Raman scattering process andRaman gain spectrum for silica fibres
50 4.3 Distributed vs. lumped amplification
Figure 2 – Distributed vs. lumped amplification
51 4.4 Tailoring the Raman gain spectrum
4.5 Forward and backward pumping configuration
Figure 3 – The use of multiple pump wavelengths to achieve flat broadband gain
52 Figure 4 – Simulation results showing pump and signal propagation along an SMF span
53 4.6 Typical performance of DRA
Figure 5 – On-off gain and equivalent NF for SMF using a dual pumpbackward DRA with pumps at 1 424 nm and 1 452 nm
54 5 Applications of distributed Raman amplification
5.1 General
5.2 All-Raman systems
55 5.3 Hybrid EDFA Raman systems
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Long repeaterless links
Figure 6 – Typical configuration of an amplification site in an all-Raman system
56 5.3.3 Long span masking in multi-span links
5.3.4 High capacity long haul and ultra-long-haul systems
6 Performance characteristics and test methods
6.1 General
6.2 Performance of the Raman pump module
6.2.1 Basic configuration
57 6.2.2 Pump wavelengths
6.2.3 Pump output power
6.2.4 Pump degree-of-polarization (DOP)
Figure 7 – Typical configuration of a Raman pump module usedfor counter-propagating DRA
58 6.2.5 Pump relative intensity noise (RIN)
6.2.6 Insertion loss
Figure 8 – Model for signal insertion loss (IL) of a Raman pump moduleused for counter-propagating DRA
59 6.2.7 Other passive characteristics
6.3 System level performance
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 On-off signal gain
60 6.3.3 Gain flatness
Figure 9 – Typical configuration used to measure on-off gain of DRA
61 6.3.4 Polarization dependant gain (PDG)
6.3.5 Equivalent noise figure
6.3.6 Multi-path interference (MPI)
62 7 Operational issues
7.1 General
7.2 Dependence of Raman gain on transmission fibre
63 7.3 Fibre line quality
7.4 High pump power issues
7.4.1 General
Figure 10 – Variations of Raman on-off gain for different transmission fibres
64 7.4.2 Laser safety
7.4.3 Damage to the fibre line
65 8 Conclusions
66 Bibliography

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BSI PD IEC TR 61292-6:2023 - TC
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