This European Standard: \u2014 defines the forces and moments to be taken into account with reference to masses, traction and braking conditions; \u2014 gives the stress calculation method for axles with outside axle journals; \u2014 specifies the maximum permissible stresses to be assumed in calculations for steel grade EA1N, EA1T and EA4T defined in EN 13261; \u2014 describes the method for determination of the maximum permissible stresses for other steel grades; \u2014 determines the diameters for the various sections of the axle and recommends the preferred shapes and transitions to ensure adequate service performance. This European Standard is applicable for: \u2014 axles defined in EN 13261 \u2014 powered and non-powered axles and \u2014 all track gauges3. The powered axle design method of this European Standard applies to: \u2014 solid and hollow powered axles for railway rolling stock; \u2014 solid and hollow non-powered axles of motor bogies; \u2014 solid and hollow non-powered axles of locomotives. The non-powered axle design method of this standard applies to solid and hollow axles of railway rolling stock used for the transportation of passengers and freight that are not considered in the list above. This European Standard is applicable to axles fitted to rolling stock intended to run under normal European conditions. Before using this European Standard, if there is any doubt as to whether the railway operating conditions are normal, it is necessary to determine whether an additional design factor has to be applied to the maximum permissible stresses. The calculation of wheelset axles for special applications (e.g. tamping\/lining\/levelling machines) may be made according to this European Standard only for the load cases of free-rolling and rolling in train formation. This European Standard does not apply to the loads induced by the vehicles in their working mode. They are calculated separately. This method can be used for light rail and tramway applications.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | 1 Scope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 8<\/td>\n | 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | 4 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 5 Forces and moments to be taken into consideration 5.1 Types of forces 5.2 Influence of masses in motion <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 5.3 Effects due to braking <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 5.4 Effects due to curving and wheel geometry 5.5 Effects due to traction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | 5.6 Calculation of the resultant moment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | 6 Determination of geometric characteristics of the various parts of the axle 6.1 Stresses in the various sections of the axle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | 6.2 Determination of the diameter of journals and axle bodies 6.3 Determination of the diameter of the various seats from the diameter of the axle body or from the journals 6.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | 6.3.2 Transition between collar surface and wheel seat 6.3.3 Wheel seat in the absence of an adjacent seat <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | 6.3.4 Case of two adjacent seats 6.3.5 Case of two non-adjacent seats 7 Maximum permissible stresses 7.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 7.2 Steel grade EA1N and EA1T <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | 7.3 Steel grade other than EA1N or EA1T 7.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | 7.3.2 Steel grade EA4T <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | 7.3.3 Other steel grades <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative)Model of axle calculation sheet <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 39<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative)Procedure for the calculation of the load coefficient for tilting vehicles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | Annex C (informative)Values of forces to take into consideration for wheelsets for narrow gauge track (metre gauge or close to a metre gauge) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 42<\/td>\n | Annex D (normative)Method for determination of full-scale fatigue limits for new materials D.1 Scope D.2 General requirements for the test pieces D.3 General requirements for test apparatus D.4 Axle body fatigue limit (\u201cF1\u201d) D.4.1 Geometry <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | D.4.2 Verification of applied stress <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 44<\/td>\n | D.4.3 End of test criterion D.4.4 Determination of the fatigue limit D.5 Axle bore fatigue limit (\u201cF2\u201d) D.5.1 Geometry <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | D.5.2 Verification of the applied stress D.5.3 End of test criterion D.5.4 Determination of the fatigue limit D.6 Wheel seat fatigue limit (\u201cF3 and F4\u201d) D.6.1 Geometry <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 47<\/td>\n | D.6.2 Verification of the applied stress D.6.3 End of test criterion D.6.4 Determination of the fatigue limit <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 48<\/td>\n | D.7 Content of the test report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 49<\/td>\n | Annex ZA (informative)Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008\/57\/EC <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Railway applications. Wheelsets and bogies – Design method for axles with external journals<\/b><\/p>\n |