This document specifies the evaluation method of life cycle cost (LCC) and Life cycle assessment (LCA) of ductile iron pipes and fittings used for water applications and which are in compliance with EN 545. LCC evaluation is based on concepts and methods developed in ISO 15686 5. LCA evaluation is based on concepts and methods developed in ISO 15686 6, EN 15804:2012+A2:2019, EN ISO 14040 and EN ISO 14044. In this document, LCA is limited to the evaluation of environmental impact due to CO2 emissions associated with the consumption of natural resources or energy and waste disposal. The other categories of impacts are not in the scope of this document. Informative annexes are included in this document as a compilation of references, consensual factors, and scenarios with different DI pipelines.<\/p>\n
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| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 8<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 3.2 Abbreviated terms 4 Basic concept of life cycle cost (LCC) for ductile iron pipe systems 4.1 Definition of life cycle cost <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | 4.2 Calculation method <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 5 Breakdown of life cycle cost 5.1 Acquisition cost <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 5.2 Operation cost 5.3 Maintenance cost 5.4 End of life cost or revenue <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 6 Basic concept of life cycle assessment (LCA) for ductile iron pipe systems 6.1 Definition of CO2 emissions impact 6.2 Calculation method of CO2 emissions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | 7 Breakdown of CO2 emissions 7.1 CO2 emissions at the acquisition stage 7.2 CO2 emissions at the operation stage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 7.3 CO2 emissions at the maintenance stage 7.4 CO2 emissions at end of life stage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 8 Key drivers for LCC and LCA evaluation 8.1 General 8.2 Reference service life (RSL) 8.2.1 RSL of DI pipeline 8.2.2 In-use conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 8.3 Functional unit (FU) 8.3.1 FU for DI pipeline 8.3.2 Service safety conditions 8.4 Water leaks volume 8.5 Failure rate 9 Quality of data <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative)Pumping cost and CO2 emissions with pump operation A.1 Pumping cost A.2 Daily pumping energy <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 23<\/td>\n | A.3 Total head loss <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | A.4 CO2 emissions with pump operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) Scenarios of LCC and CO2 emissions with different DI pipelines B.1 Scenarios of LCC <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | B.2 Scenarios of CO2 emissions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | Annex C (informative)Water leaks and failure rate of ductile iron pipelines C.1 water leaks evaluation C.2 Examples of failure rates C.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | C.2.2 Example in France C.2.3 Example in Germany <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | C.2.4 Example in Spain <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | Annex D (informative)Circular economy, LCC and CO2 emissions D.1 General D.2 Conservation of mechanical characteristics in time D.3 Recyclability D.4 Worldwide scrap collecting <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | D.5 Optimum hydraulic conveyance capacity D.6 Optimum pipe wall thickness D.7 Preservation of soil <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Life cycle cost (LCC) and life cycle assessment (LCA) for CO2 emissions in ductile iron pipe systems<\/b><\/p>\n |