ASTM-C912:2008 Edition

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C912-93(2008)e1 Standard Practice for Designing a Process for Cleaning Technical Glasses

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASTM	2008	7

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Categories: 81.040.01 - Glass in general, ASTM

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Description

ASTM C912-93-e1-Reapproved2008

Historical Standard: Standard Practice for Designing a Process for Cleaning Technical Glasses

ASTM C912

Scope

1.1 This practice covers information that will permit design of a rational cleaning procedure that can be used with a glass that is somewhat soluble in many aqueous chemical solutions. Typically, this type of glass is used in applications such as optical ware, glass-to-metal seals, low dielectric loss products, glass fibers, infrared transmitting products, and products resistant to metallic vapors.

1.2 In most cases, this type of glass contains high concentrations of oxides that tend to react with a number of aqueous chemicals. Such oxides include B₂O₃, Al₂O₃, R₂O, RO, La₂O₃, ZnO, PbO, P₂O₅, and Fe₂O₃. The more conventional high-silica glasses are usually more chemically resistant, but the cleaning principles outlined here also apply to them.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 4 and Table 1.

TABLE 1 Relative Solubility of Various Glass Component Oxides in HF, Other Inorganic Acids, and NaOH, in Concentrated Solutions at Room Temperature

Note 1—Macro or minor/trace levels will determine degree of precipitation, especially in acids, for example, HNO₃ (Sn, Sb, Mo).

Note 2—W is soluble in acid but heat may precipitate it, for example, H₂WO₄.

Note 3—Sn⁺⁴ is soluble in hot H₂SO₄; Sn⁺² is soluble in other reagents as well.

Note 4—Most alkali solutions must be hot to effect solution.

Note 5—PbSO₄ is soluble in hot concentrated H₂SO₄.

Note 6—Sb and Bi form insoluble oxychlorides in dilute HCl.

Note 7—Ba is insoluble in concentrated HNO₃.

^A s = relatively soluble, i = relatively insoluble.

^B hot

Keywords

cleaning; glass; solubility; solvents; technical

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 81.040.01 (Glass in general)

DOI: 10.1520/C0912-93R08E01

Additional information

Be	s
Au	i
Nb	s
Zn	s
U	s
Nd	i
Rh	i
V	s
W	s
Zr	s
Y	i
Ni	s
Fe	s
P	s
Rb	i
Ru	i
Bi	s
Sb	iA
Se	s
Si	s
Ga	s
Sm	i
Sn	s
Gd	i
Ca	i
Ge	s
Sr	i
As	s
Na	s
Ba	i
Eu	i
Tl	s
Ce	i
Co	s
Ta	s
Cr	i
Te	s
Cu	s
Pb	i
Pd	s
Th	s
La	i
Ti	s
Li	s
Pm	i
Hf	s
Pr	i
Pt	i
Yb	i
Mg	i
Mn	s
B	s
Mo	s
Ag	s
Al	sA
K	s
Er	i
ICS Codes	81.040.01 - Glass in general
Cd	s