ASTM-E384 2011

$63.38

E384-11e1 Standard Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of Materials

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASTM	2011	43

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Description

ASTM E384-11e1

Historical Standard: Standard Test Method for Knoop and Vickers Hardness of Materials

ASTM E384

Scope

1.1 This test method covers determination of the Knoop and Vickers hardness of materials, the verification of Knoop and Vickers hardness testing machines, and the calibration of standardized Knoop and Vickers test blocks.

1.2 This test method covers Knoop and Vickers hardness tests made utilizing test forces in micro (9.807 × 10^-3 to 9.807 N ) ( 1 to 1000 gf ) and macro (>9.807 to 1176.80 N) ( >1kg to 120 kgf ) ranges.

Note 1—Previous versions of this standard limited test forces to 9.807 N (1 kgf).

1.3 This test method includes all of the requirements to perform macro Vickers hardness tests as previously defined in Test Method E92, Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness Testing.

1.4 This test method includes an analysis of the possible sources of errors that can occur during Knoop and Vickers testing and how these factors affect the accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of test results.

Note 2—While Committee E04 is primarily concerned with metals, the test procedures described are applicable to other materials.

1.5 Units—When Knoop and Vickers hardness tests were developed, the force levels were specified in units of grams-force (gf) and kilograms-force (kgf). This standard specifies the units of force and length in the International System of Units (SI); that is, force in Newtons (N) and length in mm or μm. However, because of the historical precedent and continued common usage, force values in gf and kgf units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard as well as the method of reporting the test results refers to these units.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Keywords

hardness; indentation; Knoop; microindentation; macroindentation; Vickers; Abb´e-Nelson illumination; Calibration–metals/alloys analysis instrumentation; Hardness (indentation)–microhardness; Indenter geometry; Knoop hardness (HK) number; Kohler illumination; Metallic hardness; Metals and metallic materials; Repeatability/reproducibility (RR); Structural metals/alloys; Verification; Vickers hardness (HV)

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 19.060 (Mechanical testing)

DOI: 10.1520/E0384-11E01

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	Scope Referenced Documents
2	Terminology FIG. 1
3	Significance and Use Principle of Test FIG. 2
4	Apparatus
5	Test Specimen
6	Procedure TABLE 1 TABLE 2
7	TABLE 3
8	Report Precision and Bias TABLE 4
9	FIG. 3 TABLE 5
10	TABLE 6
11	TABLE 7
12	TABLE 8
13	Conversion to Other Hardness Scales or Tensile Strength Values Keywords TABLE 9
14	TABLE 10 FIG. 4
15	FIG. 5 FIG. 6
16	FIG. 7 TABLE 11 TABLE 12 TABLE 13
17	A1. VERIFICATION OF KNOOP AND VICKERS HARDNESS TESTING MACHINES AND INDENTERS A1.1 Scope A1.2 General Requirements A1.3 Direct Verification TABLE 14 TABLE 15 TABLE A1.1
18	A1.4 Indirect Verification TABLE A1.2 TABLE A1.3
19	FIG. A1.1 TABLE A1.4
20	A1.5 Weekly Verification TABLE A1.5 TABLE A1.6
21	A1.6 Verification Report A1.7 Example Calculations of Repeatability and Error
22	A2. REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARDIZED HARDNESS TEST BLOCKS USED TO VERIFY KNOOP AND VICKERS HARDNESS TEST MACHINES A2.1 Scope A2.2 Accreditation A2.3 Test Block Manufacture A2.4 Standardizing Tester Requirements A2.5 Test Block Standardization Procedure A2.6 Repeatability of the Standardized Test Block
23	A2.7 Marking A2.8 Certification of Standardized Test Block X1. ADJUSTMENT OF KÃ–HLER ILLUMINATION SYSTEMS X1.1 TABLE A2.1 TABLE A2.2
24	X2. CORRELATION OF MICROINDENTATION HARDNESS TEST DATA BETWEEN LABORATORIES X2.1 Scope X2.2 Correlation Procedure X2.3 Referee X3. RESULTS OF INTERLABORATORY TEST OF THE MEASUREMENT OF MICROINDENTATIONS X3.1 Introduction X3.2 Scope X3.3 Procedure X3.4 Results
25	TABLE X3.1 TABLE X3.2 TABLE X3.3
26	TABLE X3.4 FIG. X3.1 FIG. X3.2
27	FIG. X3.3 FIG. X3.4
28	X4. RESULTS OF AN INTERLABORATORY TEST COMPARING MICROINDENTATION HARDNESS TESTING USING MANUAL AND AUTOMATED MEASURING SYSTEMS X4.1 Introduction X4.2 Scope X4.3 Procedure X4.4 Repeatability X4.5 Reproducibility
29	X4.6 Comparisons TABLE X4.1 TABLE X4.2 TABLE X4.3
30	TABLE X4.4 FIG. X4.1 FIG. X4.2
31	FIG. X4.3 FIG. X4.4
32	FIG. X4.5 FIG. X4.6
33	X5. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR LIGHT FORCE MICROINDENTATION HARDNESS TESTING X5.1 Introduction FIG. X4.7 FIG. X4.8
34	X5.2 Scope X5.3 Environment X5.4 Specimens X5.5 Instruments
35	X5.6 Measurement of Indentations X5.7 Scanning Electron Microscope X5.8 Video and Automatic Measuring Systems X6. HK AND HV VALUES FOR A1 gf TEST LOAD X6.1 TABLE X6.1
39	TABLE X6.2
43	REFERENCES